Baraba, Paraba or Baraba Tatar is a dialect of Siberian Tatar[4] spoken by Baraba Tatars in Siberia. While middle aged individuals and the young generation speak Russian and Volga-Ural Tatar, the Baraba dialect is used only by the older generation.[5] As such, it is classified as Severely Endangered by the Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.
| Baraba | |
|---|---|
| Paraba | |
| параба, бараба | |
| Native to | Russia |
| Region | Siberia |
| Ethnicity | Baraba Tatars[1] |
Native speakers | <8,000 (2005)[2] |
Turkic
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | bara1273 |
| ELP | Baraba Tatar |
 Baraba Tatar is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
History
editThe Arabic script has been historically used to write Siberian Tatar. The Latin script was adopted in 1928 but was replaced with the Cyrillic script in 1938.[citation needed] While standard Volga Tatar is widely taught in local schools, Baraba Tatar is not.[6]
Geographic distribution
editBaraba Tatar is spoken mainly in the Novosibirsk Oblast, in Omsk Oblast, in Russia. Standard Volga–Ural Tatar is taught at local Tatar schools.
Sounds
editConsonants
edit| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | Voiceless | p | t | k | q | ||
| Voiced | b | d | ɡ | ||||
| Affricate | ts | tʃ | |||||
| Fricative | Voiceless | (f) | s | ʃ | x | h | |
| Voiced | (v) | (z) | (ʒ) | ɣ | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Lateral | l | ||||||
| Trill | r | ||||||
| Semivowel | Plain | j | |||||
| Labial | ɥ | w | |||||
- Sounds in parentheses appear only in loan words.
- The sounds [ts] and [tʃ] appear in free variation. The replacement of /tʃ/ with /ts/ is a feature that distinguishes Baraba from Volga–Ural Tatar.[7]
Vowels
edit| Front | Central | Back | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | unrounded | compressed | rounded | unrounded | rounded | |
| High | i | y | ɯ | u | |||
| Mid | e | ø | ë | ø̈ | ö | o | |
| Low | æ | ɑ | |||||
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire". Archived from the original on 15 October 2006. Retrieved 21 October 2006.
- ^ Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2010). Encyclopedia of the world's endangered languages (1. publ. in paperback ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-56331-4.
- ^ "Сибирскотатарский язык | Малые языки России". minlang.iling-ran.ru. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
- ^ Тумашева, Д. Г. (1977). Dialekty sibirskih tatar. Opyt sravnitelʹnogo issledovanija Диалекты сибирских татар. Опыт сравнительного исследования [Dialects of Siberian Tatars. Comparative research experience] (in Russian). Казань.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Güllüdağ, Nesrin (July 2013). "Baraba Tatarlarının dili üzerine bir inceleme" [A Study on the Language of the Baraba Tatars] (PDF). AVRASYA Uluslararası Arastırmalar Dergisi (in Turkish). 2 (3): 88–128.
- ^ "Baraba Tatars". The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. Archived from the original on 10 May 2000. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
- ^ Дмитриева, Л. В. (1981). Язык Барабинских Татар (Материалы и Исследования) (in Russian). Leningrad: Академия Наук СССР.
External links
edit- (in Russian) Atlas of Tatar dialects