Aphrodisias (Cilicia)

Aphrodisias (Ancient Greek: Ἀφροδισιάς), sometimes called Aphrodisias of Cilicia to distinguish it from the town of the same name in Caria, was a port city of ancient Cilicia whose ruins now lie near Cape Tisan in Mersin Province, Turkey.^[1]

Geography

Aphrodisias is situated on Cape Tisan near the town of Yeşilovacık in the rural area of Silifke ilçe (district) which itself is a part of Mersin Province. The ancient name of this region was Cilicia Trachea ("rugged Cilicia") So it is customary to call the ruins Aphrodisias of Cilicia to distinguish it from the better-known Aphrodisias in Aydin Province. The ruins are at the east side of the cape facing Dana Island and Tisan Island. The coordinates of the ruins are 36°09′27″N 33°41′26″E / 36.15750°N 33.69056°E / 36.15750; 33.69056 The highway distance to is Silifke 50 kilometres (31 mi) and to Mersin is 133 kilometres (83 mi).

History

The foundation date of the ancient settlement is unknown. But it was a port of Ptolemaic Egypt in the fourth century BC. The settlement was incorporated into the Seleucid Empire and later into the Roman Empire. In the marine book Ps.Skylax written in 101 AD, the settlement was named Cap Aphrodisias . During the early Middle Ages when the port was a part of Byzantine Empire, it was named Porto Cavaliere. Then it faded away. The location of the long forgotten ruins was discovered by Austrian Archaeologist Rudolf Heberdey in 1891.^[2]

The famous Greek physician Xenocrates was from Aphrodisias.

The ruins

There are ruins of a necropolis, a cistern, city walls and floor mosaics of a 4th-century church named St.Panteleon (The church was a temple prior to Christianity).^[3] In 1987, Ludwig Budde from Germany published his book St.Pantaleon von Aphrodisias in Kılikien about the church. But most of the mosaics are not unearthed yet.^[4]

References

^ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
^ History page (in Turkish) Archived July 11, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
^ Edwards, Robert W., "Aphrodisias (Cilicia)" (2016). The Eerdmans Encyclopedia of Early Christian Art and Archaeology, ed., Paul Corby Finney. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 86–87. ISBN 978-0-8028-9016-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Mersin Governorship: Mersin Ören Yerleri Kaleleri Müzeleri ("Mersin Ruins, castles and museums"), ISBN 978-605-4196-07-4 p.253

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Aphrodisias". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.