A hater, anti-fan, or anti[1][2][3] is someone who enjoys writing, discussing, or (in some cases) making derivative works about a piece of media, but solely for the purpose of railing against or parodying it. It can also be a person with hatred towards a celebrity or icon.[4] Haters often attract other haters to create a negative community. They are at odds with the fans. Someone who opposes a ship (a romantic pairing between two characters) is called an anti-shipper.[1][5]
Behaviours
editAnti-fandoms appear in many forms from hate-watching to snark.[6]
It is common for large anti-fandoms to gather in groups, usually on forums and sites, to share their mutual aversion. These are coined anti-fan clubs and some are substantial enough to become anti-fan sites.[7]
Behaviours of some anti-fans include doxing, stalking, spreading rumours, stealing their personal belongings or information, abuse or physical harassment.[8]
Criteria
editThere is a saying that "haters attract haters", which suggests that individuals who express negativity or hostility may draw similar reactions from others. This idea is rooted in the concept of reciprocity, where negative energy or behavior can be mirrored and reciprocated by those who encounter it. These haters are often found in negative communities and thrive off of their own negativity.[citation needed]
Examples
editIn 2006, an anti-fan of the K-pop duo TVXQ poisoned member Yunho with a super glue-laced drink.[9][10] Instead of pressing charges against the anti-fan, he chose to forgive her, since the girl was the same age as his younger sister.[11] Such occurrences have resulted in an increase of security for celebrities in South Korea.[12] I Hate Christian Laettner is a sports documentary film looking into hatred towards Christian Laettner.
In popular culture
editBoth the film and TV version of So I Married an Anti-fan were based on the novel of the same name.[13][14]
Studies
editAnti-fan studies include a focus on specific communities of practice and their relationship to the media texts and fans actively marginalizing or discrediting other fans solely on basis of identity (sex, race, etc.).[15]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Z, Sean (October 3, 2018). "Toxic Fandom: When Criticism and Entitlement Go Too Far". GeekDad. Archived from the original on November 15, 2023. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
- ^ Stitch (November 7, 2022). "Think Your Fave Fictional Villain Is the Real Hero? Think Again". Teen Vogue. Archived from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
- ^ Evans, Claire H. (June 3, 2020). "The BTS Fandom Needs to Check Its Anti-Blackness". Teen Vogue. Archived from the original on June 28, 2023. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
- ^ "This modern life: the rise of the anti-fan|From The Observer|The Guardian". Retrieved April 2, 2010.
- ^ Aburime, Samantha (September 14, 2021). "The cult structure of the American anti". Transformative Works and Cultures. 36. doi:10.3983/twc.2021.2147.
- ^ "Anti-Fandom: Dislike and Hate in the Digital Age". NYU Press. Archived from the original on July 16, 2023. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ Dr Stijn Reijnders; Dr Koos Zwaan; Dr Linda Duits, eds. (September 28, 2014). The Ashgate Research Companion to Fan Cultures. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 9781409455622. Retrieved January 25, 2022 – via Google Books.
- ^ "10 chilling instances of anti-fans' attacks". Allkpop. July 7, 2015. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
- ^ "TVXQ Member Recovers from Poisoning". KBS Global (in Korean). October 16, 2006. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved February 16, 2007.
- ^ "U-Know Yunho, Bond drinks case of questions of". Daum (in Korean). October 15, 2006. Archived from the original on November 13, 2006. Retrieved February 16, 2007.
- ^ "告訴你這7位曾瀕死亡體驗的KPOP IDOL死亡事件經過" [Tell you about the death of these 7 KPOP IDOLs who had near-death experiences]. March 5, 2015. Archived from the original on July 10, 2023. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
- ^ "'Anti-fans' force managers to increase stars' security". Korea JoongAng Daily. Archived from the original on August 18, 2017. Retrieved June 23, 2017.
- ^ "SBS Responds To Reports About Broadcast Schedule For "So I Married An Anti-Fan"". Soompi. Archived from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
- ^ "Every Common K-Drama Trope In 'So I Married An Anti-Fan' - Screen Rant". Screen Rant. May 21, 2021. Archived from the original on September 18, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
- ^ Suzanne Scott (April 16, 2019). Fake Geek Girls: Fandom, Gender, and the Convergence Culture Industry. NYU Press. ISBN 9781479879571. Archived from the original on May 26, 2024. Retrieved January 25, 2022 – via Google Books.