Alix of Ibelin (1304/1306 – after 6 August 1386), was Queen consort of Cyprus and nominal Queen consort of Jerusalem as the second wife of King Hugh IV of Cyprus. She was queen from 31 March 1324[1] until Hugh's abdication on 24 November 1358. Two of her sons, Peter and James reigned as kings of Cyprus.
| Alice of Ibelin | |
|---|---|
| Queen consort of Cyprus | |
| Tenure | 31 March 1324–24 November 1358 |
| Coronation | 15 April 1324 |
| Born | 1304/1306 Cyprus |
| Died | after 6 August 1386 |
| Burial | Saint Dominic's, Nicosia |
| Spouse | King Hugh IV of Cyprus Philip of Brunswick-Grubenhagen |
| Issue | Eschive de Lusignan King Peter I of Cyprus John of Lusignan King James I of Cyprus Thomas de Lusignan Marguerite de Luisgnan Isabelle de Lusignan |
| House | Ibelin |
| Father | Guy of Ibelin |
| Mother | Isabelle of Ibelin |
Life
editAlix was born in Cyprus sometime between 1304 and 1306, the only child of Guy of Ibelin, Lord of Nicosia and Isabelle of Ibelin. The House of Ibelin were a much-intermarried noble French family which had featured prominently in the Crusader states of Jerusalem and Cyprus since the 12th century.
Alix lost her father when she was a small child and her mother died in 1315, when Alix was no older than 11 years.
In 1310, she had been betrothed to Henry of Lusignan, the son of Amalric, Lord of Tyre. The betrothal was annulled that same year when Almaric was murdered and his family sought refuge in Armenia.
Queen of Cyprus
editOn 17 September 1318, Alix married Hugh de Lusignan, son and heir of Guy de Lusignan, Constable of Cyprus.[2] A Papal dispensation, which was dated 18 June 1318, had been required. She was his second wife, as his first, her kinswoman Marie of Ibelin, had died on an unrecorded date before June 1318. That same year, Hugh succeeded his father as constable, and on 31 March 1324, Hugh succeeded his uncle, Henry II as King of Cyprus and titular King of Jerusalem. With Hugh's accession to the Cypriot throne, the most illustrious period of the Lusignan dynasty in Cyprus commenced.[3] Alix was crowned Queen of Cyprus at her husband's coronation on 15 April 1324 at Saint Sophia Cathedral in Nicosia. Shortly after the double coronation, the cathedral was consecrated by the Latin archbishop, Jean del Conte.[3] On 13 May at Famagusta, Hugh was crowned King of Jerusalem. The Chronicle of Amadi records that Alix had a small speech impediment which was cured by a miracle performed by the Holy Cross of Tochni which had been rediscovered in 1340.
Later life
editKing Hugh abdicated his throne on 24 November 1358 in favour of their son Peter. He died the following year. In 1368, Alix married secondly, Philip of Brunswick-Grubenhagen, Constable of Jerusalem, son of Henry II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen, who was the father of her daughter-in-law, Helvis. As in the case of her first marriage, another Papal dispensation had been required for her to marry Philip. He died a year later on 4 August 1369.
Alix died after 6 August 1386 and was buried in Saint Dominic's in Nicosia. Her great-granddaughter was Anne de Lusignan, wife of Louis, Duke of Savoy
Issue
editTogether Alix and Hugh had:
- Eschive de Lusignan (1325 – March 1363), married Infante Fernando of Majorca, Viscount d'Omelas, by whom she had one daughter, Alicia of Majorca (1341 – after 1376).
- King Peter I of Cyprus (9 October 1328 – 16 January 1369), married firstly Eschive de Montfort; secondly Eleanor of Aragon-Gandia, by whom he had issue.
- John of Lusignan (1329/1330 – 1375), married firstly, Constance of Sicily, Queen of Cyprus; secondly, Alice of Ibelin, by whom he had one son.
- King James I of Cyprus (1334 – 9 September 1398), married Helvis of Brunswick-Grubenhagen, by whom he had 12 children, including King Janus of Cyprus, who reigned after him.
- Thomas of Lusignan (died 15 November 1340), unmarried.
- Margaret of Lusignan, married Galtier de Dampierre, Seneschal of Cyprus; died childless.
- Isabella of Lusignan, died without issue.
Alix had one stepson, Guy de Lusignan, by Hugh's first wife. Her husband also had an illegitimate son, Pierrot.
References
edit- ^ Hill 2010a, p. 285.
- ^ Hill 2010b, p. table II.
- ^ a b Cyprus History: Lusignan period: Hughes IV, retrieved 26 June 2010
Sources
edit- Hill, George (2010a). A History of Cyprus. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press.
- Hill, George (2010b). A History of Cyprus. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press.