Al-Hofuf (Arabic: ٱلْهُفُوف al-Hufūf, also spelled Hofuf or Hufuf, also known as "Al-Hasa", "Al-Ahsa" or "Al-Hassa")[2] is the major urban city in the Al-Ahsa Oasis in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, with a population of 729,606 (as of 2022). It is known for being one of the largest date producing areas in the world, and for its old markets and palaces.
Al Hofuf
ٱلْهُفُوف | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Sahood Fort in Hofuf | |
  Al Hofuf Location in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | |
| Coordinates: 25°23′N 49°35′E / 25.383°N 49.583°E | |
| Country |  Saudi Arabia |
| Province | Eastern |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Saud bin Talal |
| • Provincial governor | Saud bin Nayef Al Saud |
| Elevation | 154 m (505 ft) |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total | 729,606 |
| [1] | |
| Time zone | UTC+3 |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 |
| Postal Code | (5 digits) |
| Area code | +966-13 |
| Website | www.Hofuf.gov.sa[permanent dead link] |
Overview
editThe city proper has a population of 150,000 and is part of a larger populated oasis area of towns and villages, with a total population of around 600,000. It is located inland from the Persian Gulf, southwest of Abqaiq and the Dhahran–Dammam–Al-Khobar metropolitan area on the road south to Haradh. It is the closest city to the famous Ghawar oil field, one of the world's largest conventional (land-based) fields.
Legend places Hofuf as the burial place of Laila and Majnoon, the star-crossed pair of the most popular love story in the Arab and Muslim world. The Queen of Sheba is also fabled to have visited this city from her kingdom in Yemen. German explorer Hermann Burchardt photographed the city in 1904.[3]
Economy
editHistorically, Hofuf made textiles out of wool, silk, and cotton. The town was also renowned for its fruit of the date palm, the Arabs considering the khalasi variety of dates, locally grown in Hofuf, and also the fardh variety of Oman, among the best.[4] As of 1920, the city was known for making coffee pots from silver and brass.[5]
Climate
editAl Hofuf has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with long, very hot summers and mild, short winters.
| Climate data for Al Ahsa (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.7 (90.9) |
37.8 (100.0) |
41.8 (107.2) |
45.0 (113.0) |
49.0 (120.2) |
50.6 (123.1) |
50.8 (123.4) |
50.8 (123.4) |
48.9 (120.0) |
46.0 (114.8) |
38.1 (100.6) |
33.0 (91.4) |
50.8 (123.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 22.0 (71.6) |
24.8 (76.6) |
29.6 (85.3) |
35.7 (96.3) |
41.8 (107.2) |
45.0 (113.0) |
46.1 (115.0) |
45.9 (114.6) |
42.8 (109.0) |
37.7 (99.9) |
29.4 (84.9) |
23.8 (74.8) |
35.4 (95.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 15.0 (59.0) |
17.4 (63.3) |
21.8 (71.2) |
27.5 (81.5) |
33.4 (92.1) |
36.6 (97.9) |
37.9 (100.2) |
37.3 (99.1) |
34.0 (93.2) |
29.1 (84.4) |
22.0 (71.6) |
16.7 (62.1) |
27.4 (81.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) |
10.9 (51.6) |
14.7 (58.5) |
20.0 (68.0) |
25.2 (77.4) |
28.1 (82.6) |
29.8 (85.6) |
29.2 (84.6) |
25.8 (78.4) |
21.2 (70.2) |
15.5 (59.9) |
10.8 (51.4) |
20.0 (68.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) |
1.0 (33.8) |
0.7 (33.3) |
7.3 (45.1) |
17.0 (62.6) |
18.3 (64.9) |
19.8 (67.6) |
19.7 (67.5) |
17.3 (63.1) |
13.0 (55.4) |
5.8 (42.4) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13.1 (0.52) |
11.4 (0.45) |
14.4 (0.57) |
12.5 (0.49) |
3.1 (0.12) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.7 (0.03) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1.3 (0.05) |
13.6 (0.54) |
18.7 (0.74) |
88.8 (3.50) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.0 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 12 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 55 | 49 | 44 | 38 | 27 | 22 | 23 | 30 | 33 | 39 | 47 | 56 | 39 |
| Source: World Meteorological Organization,[6] Jeddah Regional Climate Center[7] | |||||||||||||
Education
editThe faculties of agriculture, veterinary medicine and animal resources for King Faisal University are located in the city (the others being in Dammam). The Hofuf campus also has facilities where Saudi women can study medicine, dentistry and home economics.
Transportation
editAirport
editThe city is mainly served by King Fahd International Airport which is 160 km away in Dammam. Hofuf is also home to a small airport of its own, Al-Ahsa International Airport, which mainly offers domestic flights and flights to Dubai. During Operation Desert Shield and the Gulf War in 1991, Al-Ahsa Airport also served as an air base for the French Air Force.
Railway
editThe city has a railway station connecting the city with the capital Riyadh to the west and Dammam to the north. All railways in Saudi Arabia are organized by the Saudi Railways Organization.
Notable people
edit- Samira Islam, pharmacologist and scholar[8]
References
edit- ^ "Al-'Aḥsā Governorate". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved February 3, 2024.
- ^ "Al-Hofuf Travel Information and Travel Guide – Saudi Arabia". Lonely Planet. Archived from the original on July 1, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
- ^ Today, photos of Hofuf made by the photographer are held in the Ethnological Museum of Berlin; Hofuf (click on photo to enlarge); Hofuf in 1904.
- ^ Western Arabia and the Red Sea, Naval Intelligence Division, London 2005, p. 488 ISBN 0-7103-1034-X
- ^ Prothero, G.W. (1920). Arabia. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 99.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved August 2, 2023.
- ^ "Climate Data for Saudi Arabia". Jeddah Regional Climate Center. Archived from the original on May 12, 2012. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
- ^ Publications, Publitec (December 22, 2011). Who's Who in the Arab World 2007-2008. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110930047.
External links
edit- Hofuf on www.The-Saudi.net
- Jabal Qarah Archived September 13, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, Splendid Arabia: A travel site with photos and routes