Adolf III of the Marck

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Adolph III of the Marck (German: Adolf III von der Mark; c. 1334 – 1394) was the Prince-Bishop of Münster (as Adolph) from 1357 to 1363, the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne (as Adolph II) in 1363, the Count of Cleves (as Adolph I) from 1368 to 1394, and the Count of Mark (as Adolph III) from 1391 to 1393.

Adolph III of the Marck
Adolf III and Margaret, Stiftskirche in Kleve
Bornc. 1334
Died(1394-09-07)7 September 1394
Cleves
SpouseMargaret of Jülich
IssueAdolph I, Duke of Cleves
Dietrich IX, Count of Mark
Gerhard, Count of Mark
Margaret
Elisabeth
FatherAdolph II of the Marck
MotherMargaret, Countess of Cleves

Life

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Origins

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Adolph was the second son of Count Adolph II of the Marck and Margaret of Cleves.

Reign

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On 16 November 1357 Pope Innocent VI appointed him the Bishop of Münster. In 1362 he signed a contract with his uncle Bishop Engelbert III of the Marck of Liège whereby he would inherit Cleves in the likely event Count John of Cleves died childless. On 13 June 1363 he was appointed the Archbishop of Cologne against the favourite John of Virneburg, but by the end of the year had resigned from the position to focus on the County of Cleves, despite the fact that his short tenure was scandalous and ridden with controversy.

In 1368 he succeeded his uncle John of Cleves and could maintain his rule there through the support of Liège.

Marriage and issue

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Arms of Cleves (c. 1380)
 
Arms of the Mark

In 1369 he married Margaret of Jülich, daughter of Gerhard VI of Jülich, Count of Berg and Ravensberg and had fourteen children, at least five of whom did not survive infancy.

Later life and death

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After his brother Engelbert III of the Marck died without heirs in 1391, Adolph inherited the Marck too. However, he gave Marck to his son Dietrich in 1393.

Adolph died in 1394 and was succeeded in Cleves by another of his sons, Adolph.

Cleves and Marck were reunited again four years later, when Dietrich died and was succeeded by Adolph IV.

References

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Adolph of the Marck
Born: ca. 1334 Died: 7 September 1394 in Cleves
Regnal titles
Catholic Church titles
Preceded by Archbishop-Elector of Cologne and
Duke of Westphalia and Angria
as Adolph II
1363
Succeeded by
Preceded by Prince-Bishop of Münster
as Adolphus
1357–1363
Succeeded by
Regnal titles
Preceded by Count of Cleves
as Adolph I
1368–1394
Succeeded by
Preceded by Count of Marck
as Adolph III
1391–1393
Succeeded by