Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad (1880 – 23 November 1940) was an Indian Islamic scholar who was one of the most influential ulemas of the 20th century.[2] Sajjad was a founder of Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar, Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, and Imarat-i-Sharia.[3] A leader in the Indian independence movement, Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad participated in the Non-cooperation Movement, Khilafat Movement, and Civil Disobedience Movement; he opposed the partition of India and championed the concept of composite nationalism. He also founded the Muslim Independent Party in 1935 to represent Muslims in Bihar who were disillusioned with Congress and the Muslim League.The Muslim Independent Party formed the government in Bihar in 1937. Yunus, the party president, became the chief minister of Bihar on 1 April 1937.[4][5]
Mawlānā Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad | |
|---|---|
| Mufakkir-e-Islām | |
| 2nd General Secretary of Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind | |
| In office 13 July 1940 – 23 November 1940 | |
| Preceded by | Ahmad Saeed Dehlavi |
| Succeeded by | Abdul Haleem Siddiqi[1] |
| Personal | |
| Born | 1880 Panhessa, Bihar Province, Colonial India |
| Died | 23 November 1940 (aged 59–60) |
| Religion | Islam |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Denomination | Sunni Islam |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
| Notable work(s) | Fatwa Tark-e-Mawalat |
| Alma mater | Madrasa Subhāniya, Allahabad |
| Organization | |
| Founder of | Muslim Independent Party |
Early life and education
editMuhammad Sajjad was born in the Panhessa village in the Nalanda district of the Bihar Province in Colonial India.[6] His father was Hussain Baksh who died when he was only 4 years old.[7]
Sajjad's elder brother was the revered Sufi saint Sufi Ahmad Sajjad who lived until 1948. Sufi Ahmad Sajjad's Mazar is located near a mosque in the village where Urs of the great Sufi Saint is celebrated every year on the 27th day of Muharram. The shrine's current Sajjada Nashin (hereditary administrator) is the saint's grandson Pir Syed Shah Mohammad Ziauddin (born 1953).[3]
Sajjad started studying at Madrasa Islamiya in Bihar, and then studied at Madrasa Subhaniya in Allahabad for about six years. His major teachers include Abdul Kāfi. He graduated in 1323 AH.[6] Sajjad completed his studies in Bihar Sharif, Deoband, and Allahabad.[3]
Career
editHe later returned to Bihar Sharif and Allahabad, to teach theology, as well as at Gaya.[3] In 1917, Sajjad founded the Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar and also became one of the founders of Jamiyat al-Ulama-i-Hind.[3] He served as the secretary of Imarat-i-Sharia, which he helped found.[3]
A leader in the Indian independence movement, Sajjad took part in the Non-cooperation movement, Khilafat Movement and Civil Disobedience Movement.[3] He was a proponent of Hindu-Muslim unity and was a leader in the hartals that boycotted the Simon Commission.[3] He along with Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi, Shaukat Ali, Begum Md. Ali, Azad Subhani, Abdul Majid Daryabadi and others represented the Central Khilafat Committee at the All Parties Conferences and All Muslim Parties Conferences on Nehru Report.[8] He opposed the partition of India and the separatist campaign of Muhammad Ali Jinnah.[4] He established Anwarul Ulum Madrasa in Gaya.[3]
Sajjad authored the Fatwa Tark-e-Mawalat, the religious edict on boycotting the British goods, on 8 September 1920. It was signed by 500 Muslim scholars and issued from the Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind.[9] He was appointed the general secretary of Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind on 13 July 1940.[1] He would earlier serve as the working general secretary in absence of Ahmad Saeed Dehlavi.[1]
Death
editSajjad died on 23 November 1940.[6]
See more
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Salman Mansoorpuri (2014). Tehreek Azadi-e-Hind Mai Muslim Ulama aur Awaam ka Kirdar (in Urdu). Deoband: Deeni Kitab Ghar. pp. 194–196.
- ^ Mohammad, Muzaffar Imam (1987). Role of Muslims in the National Movement, 1912-1930: A Study of Bihar. Mittal Publications. p. 250. ISBN 978-81-7099-033-8.
MAULANA MUHAMMAD SAJJAD ( 1880 - 1940 ) Maulana Mohammad Sajjad was one of the most reverend and revolutionary leaders of Bihar, who served religion and politics equally. He was born in the year 1880 at Pansaha village in...
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Alam, Jawaid (1 January 2004). Government and Politics in Colonial Bihar, 1921-1937. Mittal Publications. p. 225. ISBN 978-81-7099-979-9.
Sajad, Maulana Muhammad (1884-1940); pan-Islamist alim from Panasha, a village in Nalanda district: educated at Bihar Sharif, Deoband, and Allahabad; started career as a teacher of theology and taught at Bihar Sharif, Gaya and Allahabad; founded Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar, 1917; one of the founders of Jamiyat al-Ulama-i-Hind and became its Secretary; founder-Secretary, Imarat-i-Sharia Bihar and Orissa; took prominent part in the Khilafat and Non-cooperation movements, 1920-22; worked for Hindu-Muslim unity; actively participated in the hartals to boycott the Simon Commission; took active part in the Civil Disobedience movement, 1930 and was imprisoned; established Anwarul Ulum Madrass at Gaya.
- ^ a b Sajjad, Mohammad (24 May 2018). "The real culprits behind India's Partition". Rediff. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ Ashraf, Ajaz (6 September 2016). "The forgotten story of two Maulanas who mocked Jinnah's idea of Pakistan". Scroll.in. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
- ^ a b c Asir Adrawi. Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind: Karwān-e-Rafta (in Urdu) (2 April 2016 ed.). Deoband: Darul Muallifeen. p. 13.
- ^ Akhtar Imām Aadil Qāsimi. Hayāt-e-Abul Muhāsin (in Urdu) (2019 ed.). Samastipur District, Bihar: Jāmia Rabbāni Manorwa Sharīf. p. 108,109.
- ^ Singh, Major Kulbir (1 July 2017). "Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi: Political activist from Bihar". youngbites.com.
- ^ Wasif Dehlavi, Hafizur Rahman. Jamī'at-i Ulamā par ek tārīk̲h̲ī tabṣirah (in Urdu). p. 58. OCLC 16907808.
Bibliography
edit- Nadwi, Talha Nemat (2018). Hadhrat Mawlāna Abul Muhasin Muḥammad Sajjad (in Urdu) (2nd, 2019 ed.). New Delhi: Abjad Publishers.
- Akhtar Imām Aadil Qāsimi. Hayāt-e-Abul Muhāsin (in Urdu) (2019 ed.). Samastipur District, Bihar: Jāmia Rabbāni Manorwa Sharīf.