Easter is the third studio album by American musician Patti Smith, and the second release where her backing band Patti Smith Group is billed. It was released in March 1978 by Arista Records. Produced by Jimmy Iovine, the album is regarded as the group's commercial breakthrough, owing to the success of the rock single "Because the Night" (co-written by Bruce Springsteen and Smith), which reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100[1] and number five on the UK Singles Chart.[2]
| Easter | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ||||
| Studio album by | ||||
| Released | March 3, 1978 | |||
| Recorded | August–September 1977 | |||
| Studio |
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| Genre | Rock | |||
| Length | 39:44 | |||
| Label | Arista | |||
| Producer | Jimmy Iovine | |||
| Patti Smith Group chronology | ||||
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| Singles from Easter | ||||
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History
editThe first album released since Smith had suffered a neck injury while touring for Radio Ethiopia, Easter has been called the most commercially accessible of the Patti Smith Group's catalogue. Unlike its two predecessors, Easter incorporated a diversity of musical styles, including straightforward rock ("Because the Night"),[3] classic rock and roll ("25th Floor/High on Rebellion", "Rock N Roll Nigger"), folk ("Ghost Dance"[4][5][6]) and spoken word ("Babelogue"). Easter is the only 1970s album of Smith's that does not feature Richard Sohl as part of the Patti Smith Group; in one interview at the time, Smith stated that Sohl was sick and this prevented him from participating in recording the album. Bruce Brody is credited as the keyboard player, though Sohl makes a guest appearance contributing keyboards to "Space Monkey", along with Blue Öyster Cult keyboardist Allen Lanier. The cover photograph is by Lynn Goldsmith and the liner notes photography by Cindy Black and Robert Mapplethorpe.
Religious imagery
editIn addition to the religious allusion of its title, the album is replete with biblical and specifically Christian imagery. "Privilege (Set Me Free)" is taken from the British fame- and authoritarianism-satirizing film Privilege; its lyrics are adapted from Psalm 23. The LP insert reproduces a First Communion portrait of Frederic and Arthur Rimbaud, and Smith's notes for the song "Easter" invoke Catholic imagery of baptism, communion and the blood of Christ. A solitary hand-drawn cross is placed below the group member credits on the sleeve insert, and the last sentence of the liner notes is a quote from Second Epistle to Timothy 4:7 -- "I have fought a good fight, I have finished my course ..."
Beyond Christian themes, the song "Ghost Dance" references the Ghost Dance Native American religious revival of the late 19th century.
Critical reception
edit| Review scores | |
|---|---|
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |   [7] |
| Chicago Tribune | [8] |
| Christgau's Record Guide | A−[9] |
| Los Angeles Times | [10] |
| Mojo |  [11] |
| Pitchfork | 8.8/10[12] |
| Q | [13] |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | [14] |
| Spin | [15] |
| Spin Alternative Record Guide | 6/10[16] |
Easter was highly acclaimed upon its release. Rolling Stone critic Dave Marsh called it "transcendent and fulfilled",[17] while Sandy Robertson proclaimed that "the rock 'n' roll resurrection is upon us" in his review of the album for Sounds.[18] In Creem, Nick Tosches deemed Easter to be Smith's best work, "truer and surer and less uneven than her previous albums".[19] Robert Christgau of The Village Voice felt that the music "is as basic as ever in its instrumentation and rhythmic thrust, but grander, more martial", and that "most of these songs are rousing in the way they're meant to be."[20] Lester Bangs, however, began his review of the album in Phonograph Record, "Dear Patti, start the revolution without me", and contended that while Horses had changed his life, Easter "is just a very good album".[21] The Globe and Mail called the album "as terse and sculpted a rock 'n' roll statement as the band had made to that point."[22] Easter placed at number 14 in The Village Voice's Pazz & Jop critics' poll of the best albums of 1978,[23] while NME ranked it the 46th best album of the year.[citation needed]
Track listing
edit| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Till Victory" | 2:45 | |
| 2. | "Space Monkey" | 4:04 | |
| 3. | "Because the Night" |
| 3:32 |
| 4. | "Ghost Dance" |
| 4:40 |
| 5. | "Babelogue" | Smith | 1:25 |
| 6. | "Rock N Roll Nigger" |
| 3:13 |
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7. | "Privilege (Set Me Free)" | 3:27 | |
| 8. | "We Three" | Smith | 4:19 |
| 9. | "25th Floor" |
| 4:01 |
| 10. | "High on Rebellion" | Smith | 2:37 |
| 11. | "Easter" |
| 6:15 |
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12. | "Godspeed" |
| 6:09 |
Personnel
editPatti Smith Group
- Patti Smith – vocals, Duo-Sonic guitar
- Lenny Kaye – Stratocaster guitar, bass guitar, vocals
- Jay Dee Daugherty – drums, percussion
- Ivan Král – bass guitar, vocals, Les Paul guitar
- Bruce Brody – keyboards, synthesizer
Additional personnel
- Richard Sohl – keyboards on "Space Monkey"
- Allen Lanier – keyboards on "Space Monkey"
- John Paul Fetta – bass guitar on "Till Victory" and "Privilege"
- Andi Ostrowe – percussion on "Ghost Dance"
- Jimmy Maxwell – bagpipes on "Easter"
- Tom Verlaine – arrangement on "We Three" (in 1974)
- Todd Smith – head of crew
Technical
- Jimmy Iovine – production, mixing
- Shelly Yakus – mixing
- Greg Calbi – mastering
- Thom Panunzio – engineering
- Gray Russell – engineering
- Charlie Conrad – engineering
- Joe Intile – engineering
Design
- Lynn Goldsmith – cover photography
- Robert Mapplethorpe – insert photography
- Cindy Black – insert photography
- John Roberts – insert photography
- Maude Gilman – insert design
Liner notes
editIn the insert with the original LP release (reproduced in the 1996 reissue), Smith's self-penned liner notes refer, among other things, to:
- Arthur Rimbaud – 19th century French poet, sometime companion of Paul Verlaine. Lived in Ethiopia for the last 11 years of his life.
- Frédéric Rimbaud – Arthur's brother.
- 42nd Street and Ninth Avenue, New York – 1970s crime-ridden zone.
- Privilege – 1967 British movie.
- Ladies and Gentlemen: The Rolling Stones – A concert movie released in 1974.
- Alain Delon – French actor.
- Pier Paolo Pasolini – 1960s Italian poet and film director.
- Bernardo Bertolucci – 1960s Italian writer and film director.
- Jean-Luc Godard – 1960s Franco-Swiss filmmaker.
- August 16, 1977 – date of Elvis Presley's death.
- Ghost Dance – 19th century religious movement among some Native American tribes.
- r.e.f.m. – Radio Ethiopia Field Marshal.
- Jean Shrimpton – 1960s British model and actress.
- Paul Jones – 1960s British musician and actor.
- Charles Baudelaire – 19th century French poet.
- CBGB – New York music club.
- Little Richard – 20th century American singer-songwriter.
- New Jersey.
- The UN's declaration of 1979 as International Year of the Child.
Charts
edit| Chart (1978) | Peak position |
|---|---|
| Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)[24] | 80 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[25] | 43 |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[26] | 20 |
| Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)[27] | 10 |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)[28] | 34 |
| UK Albums (OCC)[29] | 16 |
| US Billboard 200[30] | 20 |
| Chart (2019) | Peak position |
|---|---|
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)[31] | 194 |
Certifications and sales
edit| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
|---|---|---|
| France (SNEP)[32] | Gold | 100,000* |
| United Kingdom (BPI)[33] | Silver | 60,000^ |
|
* Sales figures based on certification alone. | ||
Release history
edit| Date | Label | Format | Catalog no. |
|---|---|---|---|
| March 1978 | Arista Records | LP | 4171 |
| 1996 | CD | ||
| 2007 | Sony BMG | 37929 | |
| 2008 | "Original Album Classics" CD box set | 88697313832 |
References
edit- ^ "Easter > Chart & Awards – Billboard Singles". allmusic. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
- ^ "UK Album Charts". Official Charts. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
- ^ Jordan, Chris (June 30, 2021). "Springsteen talks Patti Smith and the creation of 'Because the Night' on radio show". Asbury Park Press. Retrieved August 8, 2022.
- ^ Wendell, Eric (2014). Patti Smith: America's Punk Rock Rhapsodist, p.54. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9780810886919. "The 'Ghost Dance' in question may refer to the Native American practice, a holy tradition meant to reunite the living with the spirits of the departed."
- ^ Johnstone, Nick (2012). Patti Smith: A Biography, unpaginated. Omnibus. ISBN 9780857127785. "The title referred to the Native American Indian ritual of the ghost dance...This was another song about different modes of communicating with God and parallel planes of existence."
- ^ Dethier, Brock (2003). From Dylan to Donne: Bridging English and Music, p.38. Boynton/Cook. ISBN 9780867095326. "Patti Smith's 'Ghost Dance', for instance, can spark discussions of cultural appropriation, treatment of the sacred, and of course the genocide of Native Americans."
- ^ Ruhlmann, William. "Easter – Patti Smith Group / Patti Smith". AllMusic. Retrieved October 15, 2015.
- ^ Kot, Greg (June 17, 1996). "Back For More". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ Christgau, Robert (1981). "Patti Smith Group: Easter". Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies. Ticknor and Fields. p. 360. ISBN 0-89919-026-X. Retrieved November 18, 2021.
- ^ Hilburn, Robert (October 7, 1988). "CD Corner". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 18, 2021.
- ^ Aston, Martin (October 2015). "Dancing with Ghosts". Mojo. No. 263. p. 83.
- ^ Rose, Caryn (May 28, 2017). "Patti Smith Group: Easter". Pitchfork. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
- ^ "Patti Smith Group: Easter". Q. No. 122. November 1996. p. 154.
- ^ Abowitz, Richard (2004). "Patti Smith". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). Simon & Schuster. pp. 751–52. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
- ^ Marchese, David (September 2008). "Discography: Patti Smith". Spin. Vol. 24, no. 9. p. 108. Retrieved October 15, 2015.
- ^ Sheffield, Rob (1995). "Patti Smith". In Weisbard, Eric; Marks, Craig (eds.). Spin Alternative Record Guide. Vintage Books. p. 363. ISBN 0-679-75574-8.
- ^ Marsh, Dave (April 20, 1978). "Easter". Rolling Stone. No. 263. Archived from the original on December 5, 2020. Retrieved February 29, 2008.
- ^ Robertson, Sandy (March 4, 1978). "Patti Smith: Easter (Arista)". Sounds. Retrieved October 23, 2020 – via Rock's Backpages.
- ^ Tosches, Nick (June 1978). "Patti Smith Group: Easter". Creem. Vol. 10, no. 1. Retrieved February 29, 2008.
- ^ Christgau, Robert (April 24, 1978). "Christgau's Consumer Guide". The Village Voice. Retrieved October 15, 2015.
- ^ Bangs, Lester (May–June 1978). "Patti Smith's Top 40 Insurrection". Phonograph Record. Vol. 8, no. 7. Retrieved February 29, 2008.
- ^ McGrath, Paul (16 June 1979). "Now, once again, the Patti Smith Group". The Globe and Mail. p. F6.
- ^ "The 1978 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll". The Village Voice. January 22, 1979. Retrieved February 29, 2008.
- ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). Australian Chart Book. p. 278. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
- ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Patti Smith Group – Easter" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "Charts.nz – Patti Smith Group – Easter". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Patti Smith Group – Easter". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Patti Smith Group – Easter". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "Patti Smith Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "Ultratop.be – Patti Smith Group – Easter" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "French album certifications – Patti Smith Group – Easter" (in French). InfoDisc. Retrieved October 23, 2020. Select PATTI SMITH GROUP and click OK.
- ^ "British album certifications – Patti Smith Group – Easter". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
External links
edit- Easter at Discogs (list of releases)
- Easter at MusicBrainz (list of releases)