Election to the Senate were held on November 11, 1941 in the Philippines. The Senate was re-instituted after amendments to the constitution restored the bicameral legislature last used in 1935.
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All 24 seats in the Philippine Senate 13 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||
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 Representation of results | |||||||||||||||||||
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The elected senators would start to serve only in 1945 as they were not able to take office on December 30, 1941 as Imperial Japan invaded the country on December 8, 1941 at the onset of World War II.
Electoral system
editThe electorate voted with plurality block voting for the first time for the Senate; the voters have the option of writing the party name on the ballot and all 24 candidates from the party receive votes; another option is by voting individually for each candidate. Also, the former senatorial districts were not used; instead voting was done nationwide as one at-large district. The succeeding Senate elections would be held every two years, with eight seats to be disputed in every election.[1][2]
The next election was to be on 1943, but due to the intervention of World War II, no elections were until 1946, where the seats supposedly up in 1943 and 1945 were disputed. The winners of the 1941 election were not seated until 1945. In the intervening years, the Second Philippine Republic, a Japanese puppet state, put up a unicameral National Assembly.
Candidates
editThese were the following tickets:
| Party | Total | |
|---|---|---|
| Nacionalista | 24 | |
| Popular Front (Sumulong wing) | 24 | |
| Popular Front (Abad Santos wing) | 23 | |
| Ganap | 22 | |
| Modernist Party (Philippines) | 11 | |
| Independent | 1 | |
| Total | 105 | |
| Nacionalista Party (NP) | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) (PF-Sumulong) | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) (PF-Abad Santos) | Ganap Party (GP) | Modernist Party (MP) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alauya Alonto | Jose Alejandrino Sr | Jose Alejandrino Sr | Wenceslao Asistido | Pedro Arteche |
| Nicolas Buendia | Jose Casal | Mariano Balgos | Sixto Bedrus | Vicente del Rosario |
| Esteban de la Rama | Pedro Coleto | Pedro C. Castro | Marcelino Chavez | Francisco Afan Delgado |
| Ramon J. Fernandez | Fernando Gardoqui | Mateo del Castillo | Alfredo Dumlao | Santiago Fonacier |
| Pedro Hernaez | Melchor Lagasca | Francisco Dematera | Jose Jabeon | Manuel Luz |
| Vicente Madrigal | Marcelino Lontok | Crisanto Evangelista | Fernando Mangson | Flora Ylagan |
| Rafael Martinez | Mamerto Manalo | Severino Izon | Vicente Pamatinat | Honorio Caringal (withdrew) |
| Quintin Paredes | Emilio Medina | Ignacio Nabong (withdrew) | Perfecto Reyes | Mariano delos Santos |
| Vicente Rama | Jose Padilla Sr. | Jose M. Nava | Florentino Subayno | Crisanto Evangelista |
| Manuel Roxas | Francisco Ramos | Datu Tampugao Pagayao | Eulalio Tolentino | Melchor Lagasca |
| Proceso Sebastian | Geronimo Santiago | Narcisa Paguibitan | Prudencio Vega | Josefa Martinez |
| Ramon Torres | Vicente Sotto | Hadji Usman | Gaudencio Bautista | — |
| Melecio Arranz | Jose M. Bayot | Angel Ancajas | Ciriaco V. Campomanes | |
| Mariano Jesus Cuenco | Felicidad Climaco | Isabello Caballero | Esteban Coruna | |
| Antonio de las Alas | Jose Gamboa | Severo Dava | Joaquin Flavier | |
| Carlos P. Garcia | Eliseo Imzon | Isabelo delos Reyes Jr. | Mariano Lumbre | |
| Domingo Imperial | Julio A. Llorente | Lino Dizon | Samson Palomares | |
| Daniel Maramba | Sixto Lopez | Juan Feleo | Antonio Ramos | |
| Jose Ozamiz | Angel Marin | Manuel Joven | Antipas Soriano | |
| Elpidio Quirino | Raymundo Melliza | Norberto Nabong | Aurelio Tankeko | |
| Claro M. Recto | Jose Palarca Sr | Jose Padilla Sr. | Ricardo Valdivia | |
| Eulogio Rodriguez | Pablo Rocha | Antonio Paguia | Pedro Zaragosa | |
| Emiliano Tria Tirona | Filemon Sotto | Antonio Salvador | — | |
| Jose Yulo | Juan Villamor | — |
| Manuel Briones |
Results
edit| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before election | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ |
| Election result | NP | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| After election | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Per candidate
editWhile the tally of votes have been lost in history, some sources tell where each candidate finished in the tally. Claro M. Recto finished first,[3] while Mariano Jesus Cuenco finished fifth, and Vicente Rama finished 16th.[4]
Not all candidates of the same party finished with the same number of votes, as some voted individually per candidate, instead of just writing the party name, and some didn't complete the 24 names if they did choose to vote individually per candidate.
| Rank | Candidate | Party | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Claro M. Rectoa | Nacionalista | 1,084,003 | |
| 2. | Manuel Roxas | Nacionalista | 1,076,389 | |
| 3. | Quintin Paredesa | Nacionalista | 1,046,715 | |
| 4. | Jose Yuloa | Nacionalista | 1,035,025 | |
| 5. | Elpidio Quirino | Nacionalista | 1,013,095 | |
| 6. | Antonio de las Alasa | Nacionalista | 1,002,853 | |
| 7. | Emiliano Tria Tironaa | Nacionalista | 983,740 | |
| 8. | Eulogio Rodrigueza | Nacionalista | 982,144 | |
| 9. | Vicente Madrigala | Nacionalista | 977,119 | |
| 10. | Mariano Jesus Cuenco | Nacionalista | 974,683 | |
| 11. | Melecio Arranz | Nacionalista | 973,403 | |
| 12. | Carlos P. Garcia | Nacionalista | 972,034 | |
| 13. | Ramon Torres | Nacionalista | 962,836 | |
| 14. | Domingo Imperial | Nacionalista | 959,633 | |
| 15. | Daniel Marambab | Nacionalista | 959,390 | |
| 16. | Pedro Hernaez | Nacionalista | 949,238 | |
| 17. | Ramon J. Fernandez | Nacionalista | 947,798 | |
| 18. | Jose Ozamizb | Nacionalista | 947,106 | |
| 19. | Nicolas Buendia | Nacionalista | 944,315 | |
| 20. | Esteban de la Rama | Nacionalista | 937,746 | |
| 21. | Vicente Rama | Nacionalista | 934,254 | |
| 22. | Proceso Sebastiana | Nacionalista | 930,179 | |
| 23. | Alauya Alonto1 | Nacionalista | 919,348 | |
| 24. | Rafael Martinez2 | Nacionalista | 871,971 | |
| 25. | Vicente Sotto | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 229,276 | |
| 26. | Filemon Sotto | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 191,815 | |
| 27. | Jose Alejandrino | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 128,077 | |
| 28. | Jose Padilla Sr. | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 127,557 | |
| 29. | Emilio Medina | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 125,896 | |
| 30. | Eliseo Imzon | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | 123,540 | |
| 31. | Geronimo Santiago | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | 120,005 | |
| 32. | Manuel Briones | Independent | 118,804 | |
| 33. | Isabelo delos Reyes Jr. | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | 117,339 | |
| 34. | Sixto Lopez | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 116,888 | |
| 35. | Juan Villamor | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 116,437 | |
| 36. | Jose Palarca Sr | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 115,087 | |
| 37. | Raymundo Melliza | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 114,987 | |
| 38. | Arsenio Suazo | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 110,210 | |
| 39. | Angel Marin | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 110,007 | |
| 40. | Jose M. Bayot | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 109,667 | |
| 41. | Felicidad Climaco | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 109,610 | |
| 42. | Julio A. Llorente | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 109,480 | |
| 43. | Jose Gamboa | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 108,798 | |
| 44. | Pedro Coleto | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 107,365 | |
| 45. | Marcelino Lontok | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 104,117 | |
| 46. | Mamerto Manalo | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 102,798 | |
| 47. | Fernando Gardoqui | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 99,889 | |
| 48. | Crisanto Evangelista | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 97,554 | |
| 49. | Norberto Nabong | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 97,231 | |
| 50. | Juan Feleo | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 96,740 | |
| 51. | Jose M. Nava | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 94,887 | |
| 52. | Angel Ancajas | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 91,005 | |
| 53. | Lino Dizon | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 88,547 | |
| 54. | Jose Casal | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 85,403 | |
| 55. | Pablo Rocha | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 84,996 | |
| 56. | Melchor Lagasca | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 82,009 | |
| 57. | Antonio Paguia | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 80,468 | |
| 58. | Mateo del Castillo | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 79,368 | |
| 59. | Severino Izon | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 76,682 | |
| 60. | Antonio Salvador | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 76,413 | |
| 61. | Hadji Usman | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 76,397 | |
| 62. | Pedro C. Castro | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 75,558 | |
| 63. | Francisco Dematera | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 68,773 | |
| 64. | Isabello Caballero | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 67,588 | |
| 65. | Perfecto Reyes | Ganap | 65,002 | |
| 66. | Mariano P. Balgos | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 64,799 | |
| 67. | Alfredo Dumlao | Ganap | 64,553 | |
| 68. | Manuel Joven | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 62,006 | |
| 69. | Severo Dava | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 61,956 | |
| 70. | Ciriaco V. Campomanes | Ganap | 57,440 | |
| 71. | Vicente Pamatinat | Ganap | 55,211 | |
| 72. | Ricardo Valdivia | Ganap | 55,044 | |
| 73. | Narcisa Paguibitan | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 54,632 | |
| 74. | Francisco Ramos | Popular Front (Sumulong) | 54,189 | |
| 75. | Datu Tampugao Pagayao | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 53,953 | |
| 76. | Samson Palomares | Ganap | 50,489 | |
| 77. | Esteban Coruna | Ganap | 50,113 | |
| 78. | Fernando Mangson | Ganap | 48,770 | |
| 79. | Eulalio Tolentino | Ganap | 48,502 | |
| 80. | Prudencio Vega | Ganap | 47,822 | |
| 81. | Antipas Soriano | Ganap | 47,347 | |
| 82. | Francisco Robles | Ganap | 46,883 | |
| 83. | Jose Jabeon | Ganap | 45,984 | |
| 84. | Joaquin Flavier | Ganap | 44,980 | |
| 85. | Pedro Zaragosa | Ganap | 44,669 | |
| 86. | Francisco Afan Delgado | Partido Modernista | 41,890 | |
| 87. | Antonio Ramos | Ganap | 40,008 | |
| 88. | Aurelio Tankeko | Ganap | 37,965 | |
| 89. | Sixto Bedrus | Ganap | 37,714 | |
| 90. | Santiago Fonacier | Partido Modernista | 37,503 | |
| 91. | Gaudencio Bautista | Ganap | 36,912 | |
| 92. | Mariano Lumbre | Ganap | 36,715 | |
| 93. | Flora Ylagan | Partido Modernista | 34,730 | |
| 94. | Wenceslao Asistido | Ganap | 32,803 | |
| 95. | Marcelino Chavez | Ganap | 30,058 | |
| 96. | Florentino Subayno | Ganap | 28,447 | |
| 97. | Josefina Martinez | Partido Modernista | 25,596 | |
| 98. | Pedro Arteche | Partido Modernista | 23,441 | |
| 99. | Manuel Luz | Partido Modernista | 20,004 | |
| 100. | Vicente del Rosario | Partido Modernista | 13,259 | |
| 101. | Mariano delos Santos | Partido Modernista | 11,446 | |
| 102. | Honorio Caringal (withdrew) | Partido Modernista | 0 | |
| 103. | Ignacio Nabong (withdrew) | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | 0 | |
- ^a The following were detained because of collaboration charges with the Japanese: Antonio de las Alas, Vicente Madrigal, Quintin Paredes, Claro M. Recto, Eulogio Rodriguez, Proceso E. Sebastian, Emiliano Tria Tirona and José Yulo.
- ^b Daniel Maramba died and Jose Ozamis was executed during the war.
- ^c The senators elected in 1941 served only from July 5, 1945 to April 23, 1946 except for Alauya Alonto, Esteban de la Rama, Pedro C. Hernaez, Vicente Madrigal, Vicente Rama, Eulogio A. Rodriguez, Sr., Proceso E. Sebastian, and Emiliano Tria Tirona, who served until May 22, 1947.
- ^1 Alauya Alonto used his Muslim Name "Sa Ramain" during the elections
- ^2 Replaced Norberto Romuáldez who died on the eve of the elections.
- Note: The tally of votes is incomplete, as the official tally of votes were destroyed during World War II.
Per party
edit| | ||
|---|---|---|
| Party | Seats | |
| Nacionalista Party | 24 | |
| Popular Front | 0 | |
| Total | 24 | |
| Source: Julio Teehankee. "Electoral Politics in the Philippines" (PDF). quezon.ph. | ||
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Philippine Electoral Almanac. The Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. 2013. p. 17. Archived from the original on 2014-04-09.
- ^ Liang, Dapen. Philippine Parties & Politics: A Historical Study of National Experience in Democracy.
- ^ Dooc, Emmanuel (2020-02-28). "Claro Mayo Recto: Champion of Filipino nationalism | Emmanuel Dooc". BusinessMirror. Retrieved 2021-07-20.
- ^ Oaminal, Clarence Paul. "Don Vicente Rama, the Cebuano who won in the 1941 Senatorial Election". Philstar.com. Retrieved 2021-07-20.