The 1500 metres or 1,500-metre run is the foremost middle distance track event in athletics. The distance has been contested at the Summer Olympics since 1896 and the World Championships in Athletics since 1983. It is equivalent to 1.5 kilometers or approximately 15⁄16 miles. The event is closely associated with its slightly longer cousin, the mile race, from which it derives its nickname "the metric mile".[1]
| Athletics 1500 metres | |
|---|---|
 Men's 1500 m final at the 2023 World Championships in Budapest. Jakob Ingebrigtsen leads with Josh Kerr to the far left and Yared Nuguse in center frame. | |
| World records | |
| Men |  Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) 3:26.00 (1998) |
| Women |  Faith Kipyegon (KEN) 3:49.04 (2024) |
| Short track world records | |
| Men |  Jakob Ingebrigtsen (NOR) 3:30.60 (2022) |
| Women |  Gudaf Tsegay (ETH) 3:53.09 (2021) |
| Olympic records | |
| Men |  Cole Hocker (USA) 3:27.65 (2024) |
| Women | Faith Kipyegon (KEN) 3:51.29 (2024) |
| World Championship records | |
| Men | Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) 3:27.65 (1999) |
| Women |  Sifan Hassan (NED) 3:51.95 (2019) |
| World junior (U20) records | |
| Men | Ronald Kwemoi (KEN) 3:28.81 (2014) |
| Women |  Lang Yinglai (CHN) 3:51.34 (1997) |
The demands of the race are similar to that of the 800 metre run, but with a slightly higher emphasis on aerobic endurance and a slightly lower sprint speed requirement. The 1500 metre run is predominantly aerobic, but anaerobic conditioning is also required.[2]
Each lap run during the men's world-record race of 3:26.00, run by Hicham El Guerrouj of Morocco in 1998, averaged just under 55 seconds (or under 13.8 seconds per 100 metres).[3] Since El Guerrouj, only three other men in history have broken the 3:27 barrier; Bernard Lagat, Asbel Kiprop, and Jakob Ingebrigtsen. El Guerrouj remains the only man to break the 3:27 barrier more than once.[4]
1,500 metres is three and three-quarter laps around a 400-metre track (seven and a half laps around an indoor 200 m track). During the 1970s and 1980s this race was dominated by British runners, along with an occasional Finn, American, or New Zealander. Through the 1990s, many African runners began to win Olympic medals in this race, especially runners from Kenya, Ethiopia, and East Africa, as well as North African runners from Morocco and Algeria. In the mid-2010s and 2020s, European and American runners began to emerge again in the men's event. American Matthew Centrowitz Jr. won the gold medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics. In the 2020 Summer Olympics, Jakob Ingebrigtsen, the youngest of a dynasty of Norwegian middle-distance runners, won Olympic Gold, while Scottish and British runner Jake Wightman won the World Championship title the following year at the head of an all-European podium. Wightman's compatriot Josh Kerr won gold at the world championships the year after. In the 2024 Summer Olympics, Americans and Europeans continued to dominate the podium, with Cole Hocker, Kerr, and Yared Nuguse earning gold, silver, and bronze respectively. Faith Kipyegon of Kenya maintained Africa's grip on the global titles in the female event in the same time period, although here again, Europeans Sifan Hassan and Laura Muir, and Americans such as Jenny Simpson also contended for the podium. Unfortunately for the European and American contenders Australian Jessica Hull lived up to her expectations and took the silver medal, cementing her place as one of the greatest female 1500m runners of all time, especially after running the 5th fastest 1500m ever two weeks earlier in a race where Faith Kipyegon won and broke the world record.
In the Modern Olympic Games, the men's 1,500-metre race has been contested from the beginning, and at every Olympic Games since. The first winner, in 1896, was Edwin Flack of Australia, who also won the first gold medal in the 800-metre race. The women's 1,500-metre race was first added to the Summer Olympics in 1972, and the winner of the first gold medal was Lyudmila Bragina of the Soviet Union. During the Olympic Games of 1972 through 2008, the women's 1,500-metre race has been won by three Soviets plus one Russian, one Italian, one Romanian, one Briton, one Kenyan, and two Algerians. The 2012 Olympic results are still undecided as a result of multiple doping cases. The best women's times for the race were controversially[5] set by Chinese runners, all set in the same race on just two dates four years apart at the Chinese National Games. At least one of those top Chinese athletes has admitted to being part of a doping program.[6] This women's record was finally broken by Genzebe Dibaba of Ethiopia in 2015.
In American high schools, the 1,600-metre run, also colloquially referred to as "metric mile", is the designated official distance by the National Governing Body the NFHS. Because of the legacy, since US customary units are better-known in America, the mile run (which is 1609.344 metres in length) is more frequently run than the 1,500-metre run. For convenience, national rankings are standardized by converting all 1,500-metre run times to their mile run equivalents.[7]
Strategy
editMany 1500 metres events, particularly at the championship level, turn into slow, strategic races, with the pace quickening and competitors jockeying for position in the final lap to settle the race in a final sprint. Such is the difficulty of maintaining the pace throughout the duration of the event, most records are set in planned races led by pacemakers or "rabbits" who sacrifice their opportunity to win by leading the early laps at a fast pace before dropping out.
The person who wins the race is behind watching.
— Filbert Bayi, former world record holder[8]
Continental records
edit| Area | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time | Athlete | Nation | Time | Athlete | Nation | |
| Africa (records) | 3:26.00 WR | Hicham El Guerrouj | Morocco |
3:49.04 WR | Faith Kipyegon | Kenya
|
| Asia (records) | 3:29.14 | Rashid Ramzi |  Bahrain |
3:50.46 | Qu Yunxia | China
|
| Europe (records) | 3:26.73 | Jakob Ingebrigtsen | Norway |
3:51.95 | Sifan Hassan | Netherlands
|
| North, Central America and Caribbean (records) |
3:27.65 | Cole Hocker |  United States |
3:54.99 | Shelby Houlihan | United States
|
| Oceania (records) | 3:29.41 | Oliver Hoare |  Australia |
3:50.83 | Jessica Hull | Australia
|
| South America (records) | 3:33.25 | Hudson de Souza |  Brazil |
4:05.67 | Letitia Vriesde |  Suriname
|
All-time top 25
edit| Outdoor tables show data for two definitions of "Top 25" - the top 25 1500m times and the top 25 athletes: |
| - denotes top performance for athletes in the top 25 1500m times |
| - denotes lesser performances, still in the top 25 1500m times, by repeat athletes |
| - denotes top performance (only) for other top 25 athletes who fall outside the top 25 1500m times |
Men (outdoor)
edit- Updated 22 August 2024.[11]
| Ath.# | Perf.# | Time | Athlete | Nation | Date | Place | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 3:26.00 | Hicham El Guerrouj | Morocco |
14 July 1998 | Rome | |
| 2 | 3:26.12 | El Guerrouj #2 | 24 August 2001 | Brussels | |||
| 2 | 3 | 3:26.34 | Bernard Lagat | Kenya |
24 August 2001 | Brussels | |
| 4 | 3:26.45 | El Guerrouj #3 | 12 August 1998 | Zürich | |||
| 3 | 5 | 3:26.69 | Asbel Kiprop | Kenya |
17 July 2015 | Monaco | [12] |
| 4 | 6 | 3:26.73 | Jakob Ingebrigtsen | Norway |
12 July 2024 | Monaco | [13] |
| 7 | 3:26.89 | El Guerrouj #4 | 16 August 2002 | Zürich | |||
| 8 | 3:26.96 | El Guerrouj #5 | 8 September 2002 | Rieti | |||
| 9 | 3:27.14 | Ingebrigtsen #2 | 16 July 2023 | Chorzów | [14] | ||
| 10 | 3:27.21 | El Guerrouj #6 | 11 August 2000 | Zürich | |||
| 11 | 3:27.34 | El Guerrouj #7 | 19 July 2002 | Monaco | |||
| 5 | 12 | 3:27.37 | Noureddine Morceli |  Algeria |
12 July 1995 | Nice | |
| 13 | 3:27.40 | Lagat #2 | 6 August 2004 | Zürich | |||
| 14 | 3:27.52 | Morceli #2 | 25 July 1995 | Monaco | |||
| 15 | 3:27.64 | El Guerrouj #8 | 6 August 2004 | Zürich | |||
| 6 | 15 | 3:27.64 | Silas Kiplagat | Kenya |
18 July 2014 | Monaco | [15] |
| 17 | 3:27.65 | El Guerrouj #9 | 24 August 1999 | Seville | |||
| 7 | 17 | 3:27.65 | Cole Hocker | United States
|
6 August 2024 | Saint-Denis | [16] |
| 19 | 3:27.72 | Kiprop #2 | 19 July 2013 | Monaco | [17] | ||
| 8 | 20 | 3:27.79 | Josh Kerr |  Great Britain
|
6 August 2024 | Saint-Denis | [16] |
| 9 | 21 | 3:27.80 | Yared Nuguse | United States
|
6 August 2024 | Saint-Denis | [16] |
| 22 | 3:27.83 | Ingebrigtsen #3 | 22 August 2024 | Lausanne | [18] | ||
| 23 | 3:27.91 | Lagat #3 | 19 July 2002 | Monaco | |||
| 24 | 3:27.95 | Ingebrigtsen #4 | 15 June 2023 | Oslo | [19] | ||
| 10 | 25 | 3:28.12 | Noah Ngeny | Kenya |
11 August 2000 | Zürich | |
| 11 | 3:28.28 | Timothy Cheruiyot | Kenya |
9 July 2021 | Monaco | [20] | |
| 12 | 3:28.75 | Taoufik Makhloufi | Algeria |
17 July 2015 | Monaco | [21] | |
| 13 | 3:28.76 | Mohamed Katir |  Spain |
9 July 2021 | Monaco | [20] | |
| 14 | 3:28.79 | Abdalaati Iguider | Morocco |
17 July 2015 | Monaco | ||
| 15 | 3:28.80 | Elijah Manangoi | Kenya |
21 July 2017 | Monaco | [22] | |
| Brian Komen | Kenya |
12 July 2024 | Monaco | [13] | |||
| 17 | 3:28.81 | Mo Farah | Great Britain |
19 July 2013 | Monaco | [17] | |
| Ronald Kwemoi | Kenya |
18 July 2014 | Monaco | [23] | |||
| 19 | 3:28.95 | Fermín Cacho | Spain |
13 August 1997 | Zürich | ||
| 20 | 3:28.98 | Mehdi Baala |  France |
5 September 2003 | Brussels | ||
| 21 | 3:29.02 | Daniel Kipchirchir Komen | Kenya |
14 July 2006 | Rome | ||
| 22 | 3:29.11 | Abel Kipsang | Kenya |
16 July 2023 | Chorzów | [14] | |
| 23 | 3:29.14 | Rashid Ramzi | Bahrain |
14 July 2006 | Rome | ||
| 24 | 3:29.18 | Vénuste Niyongabo |  Burundi |
22 August 1997 | Brussels | ||
| Mario García | Spain |
15 June 2023 | Oslo | [24] |
Women (outdoor)
edit- Updated 30 August 2024.[25]
| Ath.# | Perf.# | Time | Athlete | Nation | Date | Place | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 3:49.04 | Faith Kipyegon | Kenya |
7 July 2024 | Paris | [26] |
| 2 | 3:49.11 | Kipyegon #2 | 2 June 2023 | Florence | [27] | ||
| 2 | 3 | 3:50.07 | Genzebe Dibaba | Ethiopia |
17 July 2015 | Monaco | [28] |
| 3 | 4 | 3:50.30 | Gudaf Tsegay | Ethiopia |
20 April 2024 | Xiamen | [29] |
| 5 | 3:50.37 | Kipyegon #3 | 10 August 2022 | Monaco | [30] | ||
| 4 | 6 | 3:50.46 | Qu Yunxia | China |
11 September 1993 | Beijing | |
| 7 | 3:50.72 | Kipyegon #4 | 16 September 2023 | Eugene | [31] | ||
| 5 | 8 | 3:50.83 | Jessica Hull | Australia
|
7 July 2024 | Paris | [32] |
| 6 | 9 | 3:50.98 | Jiang Bo | China |
18 October 1997 | Shanghai | |
| 10 | 3:51.07 | Kipyegon #5 | 9 July 2021 | Monaco | [33] | ||
| 11 | 3:51.29 | Kipyegon #6 | 10 August 2024 | Saint-Denis | [34] | ||
| 7 | 12 | 3:51.34 | Lang Yinglai | China |
18 October 1997 | Shanghai | |
| 13 | 3:51.41+ | Kipyegon #7 | 21 July 2023 | Monaco | [35] | ||
| 8 | 14 | 3:51.92 | Wang Junxia | China |
11 September 1993 | Beijing | |
| 9 | 15 | 3:51.95 | Sifan Hassan | Netherlands |
5 October 2019 | Doha | [36] |
| 10 | 16 | 3:52.47 | Tatyana Kazankina |  Soviet Union |
13 August 1980 | Zürich | |
| 17 | 3:52.56 | Hull #2 | 10 August 2024 | Saint-Denis | [37] | ||
| 18 | 3:52.59 | Kipyegon #8 | 28 May 2022 | Eugene | [38] | ||
| 11 | 19 | 3:52.61 | Georgia Bell | Great Britain |
10 August 2024 | Saint-Denis | [39] |
| 12 | 20 | 3:52.75 | Diribe Welteji | Ethiopia |
10 August 2024 | Saint-Denis | [40] |
| 21 | 3:52.89 | Kipyegon #9 | 30 August 2024 | Rome | [41] | ||
| 22 | 3:52.96 | Kipyegon #10 | 18 July 2022 | Eugene | [42] | ||
| 23 | 3:53.11 | Kipyegon #11 | 6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [43] | ||
| 13 | 24 | 3:53.22 | Birke Haylom | Ethiopia |
20 April 2024 | Xiamen | [44] |
| 25 | 3:53.23 | Kipyegon #12 | 21 August 2021 | Eugene | [45] | ||
| 14 | 3:53.37 | Laura Muir | Great Britain |
10 August 2024 | Saint-Denis | [46] | |
| 15 | 3:53.91 | Yin Lili | China |
18 October 1997 | Shanghai | ||
| 16 | 3:53.96 | Paula Ivan |  Romania |
1 October 1988 | Seoul | ||
| 17 | 3:53.97 | Lan Lixin | China |
18 October 1997 | Shanghai | ||
| 18 | 3:54.16 | Freweyni Hailu | Ethiopia |
30 August 2024 | Rome | [47] | |
| 19 | 3:54.23 | Olga Dvirna | Soviet Union |
27 July 1982 | Kyiv | ||
| 20 | 3:54.52 | Zhang Ling | China |
18 October 1997 | Shanghai | ||
| 21 | 3:54.87 | Hirut Meshesha | Ethiopia |
16 July 2023 | Chorzów | [14] | |
| 22 | 3:54.99 | Shelby Houlihan | United States |
5 October 2019 | Doha | ||
| 23 | 3:55.07 | Dong Yanmei | China |
18 October 1997 | Shanghai | ||
| 24 | 3:55.30 | Hassiba Boulmerka | Algeria |
8 August 1992 | Barcelona | ||
| 25 | 3:55.33 | Süreyya Ayhan |  Turkey |
5 September 2003 | Brussels | ||
| Nikki Hiltz | United States |
30 June 2024 | Eugene | [48] |
Men (indoor)
edit- Updated 11 February 2024.[49]
| Rank | Time | Athlete | Nation | Date | Place | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3:30.60 | Jakob Ingebrigtsen | Norway
|
17 February 2022 | Liévin | |
| 2 | 3:31.04 | Samuel Tefera | Ethiopia
|
16 February 2019 | Birmingham | |
| 3 | 3:31.18 | Hicham El Guerrouj | Morocco
|
2 February 1997 | Stuttgart | |
| 4 | 3:31.25+ | Yomif Kejelcha | Ethiopia
|
3 March 2019 | Boston | |
| 5 | 3:31.76 | Haile Gebrselassie |  Ethiopia
|
1 February 1998 | Stuttgart | |
| 6 | 3:32.11 | Laban Rotich | Kenya
|
1 February 1998 | Stuttgart | |
| 7 | 3:32.35 | Olli Hoare | Australia
|
13 February 2021 | New York City | |
| 8 | 3:32.48 | Neil Gourley | Great Britain
|
25 February 2023 | Birmingham | [50] |
| 9 | 3:32.86+ | Josh Kerr | Great Britain
|
27 February 2022 | Boston | |
| 10 | 3:32.97 | Selemon Barega | Ethiopia
|
17 February 2021 | Toruń | |
| 11 | 3:33.08 | Daniel Komen | Kenya
|
13 February 2005 | Karlsruhe | |
| 12 | 3:33.10 | Deresse Mekonnen | Ethiopia
|
20 February 2010 | Birmingham | |
| 13 | 3:33.17 | Vénuste Niyongabo | Burundi
|
22 February 1998 | Liévin | |
| 14 | 3:33.22+ | Yared Nuguse | United States
|
11 February 2023 | New York City | |
| 15 | 3:33.23 | Augustine Choge | Kenya
|
19 February 2011 | Birmingham | |
| 16 | 3:33.28 | Adel Mechaal | Spain
|
25 February 2023 | Birmingham | [50] |
| 17 | 3:33.32 | Andrés Manuel Díaz | Spain
|
24 February 1999 | Piraeus | |
| 18 | 3:33.34+ | Bernard Lagat | Kenya
|
11 February 2005 | Fayetteville | |
| 19 | 3:33.36 | Abel Kipsang | Kenya
|
20 March 2022 | Belgrade | |
| 20 | 3:33.49 | Andrew Coscoran |  Ireland
|
25 February 2023 | Birmingham | [50] |
| 21 | 3:33.59 | Teddese Lemi | Ethiopia
|
20 March 2022 | Belgrade | |
| 22 | 3:33.66 | Hobbs Kessler | United States
|
4 February 2024 | Boston | [51] |
| 23 | 3:33.76+ | Edward Cheserek | Kenya
|
9 February 2018 | Boston | |
| 24 | 3:33.86+ | George Mills | Great Britain
|
11 February 2024 | New York City | [52] |
| 25 | 3:33.96 | Haron Keitany | Kenya
|
8 February 2009 | Ghent |
Notes
editBelow is a list of other times equal or superior to 3:33.27 (top 25 performances)
- Yomif Kejelcha also ran 3:31.58 (2019) and 3:33.17+ (2019).
- Jakob Ingebrigtsen also ran 3:31.80 (2021), 3:32.38 (2023) and 3:33.02 (2022).
- Hicham El Guerrouj also ran 3:32.01 (1998) and 3:33.01+ (1997).
- Haile Gebrselassie also ran 3:32.39 (1997) and 3:33.27 (1998).
- Samuel Tefera also ran 3:32.77 (2022).
Women (indoor)
edit- Updated 11 February 2024.[53]
Notes
editBelow is a list of other times equal or superior to 3:59.79 (top 25 performances)
- Gudaf Tsegay also ran 3:54.77 (2022), 3:57.19 (2022), 3:57.38 (2022), 3:57.47 (2023), 3:58.11 (2024) and 3:59.48+ (2023).
- Genzebe Dibaba also ran 3:56.46+ (2016), 3:57.45 (2018), 3:58.80 (2017) and 3:59.08 (2019).
- Freweyni Hailu also ran 3:57.24 (2024).
- Diribe Welteji also ran 3:57.48 (2024).
- Abeba Aregawi also ran 3:58.40 (2013).
U20 records and U18 world bests
edit| Age group | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time | Athlete | Nation | Time | Athlete | Nation | |
| U20 (records) | 3:28.81 | Ronald Kwemoi | Kenya |
3:51.34 | Lang Yinglai | China
|
| U18 (world bests) | 3:33.26 | Cameron Myers | Australia |
3:54.52 | Zhang Ling | China
|
Olympic medalists
editMen
edit
Women
edit
World Championships medalists
editMen
editMedalists by country
edit| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kenya (KEN) |
5 | 6 | 1 | 12 |
| 2 | Morocco (MAR) |
4 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 3 | Algeria (ALG) |
3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 4 | Great Britain (GBR) |
3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 5 | Bahrain (BHR) |
2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 6 | United States (USA) |
1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 7 |  Somalia (SOM) |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 9 | Spain (ESP) |
0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 10 | Norway (NOR)
|
0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 11 | France (FRA) |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 12 | Ethiopia (ETH) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 13 | Burundi (BDI)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Germany (GER)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Poland (POL)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Portugal (POR)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 South Africa (RSA)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Ukraine (UKR)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Women
editMedalists by country
edit| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kenya (KEN) |
3 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
| 2 |  Russia (RUS)
|
3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| 3 | United States (USA) |
2 | 4 | 1 | 7 |
| 4 | Algeria (ALG) |
2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 5 | Bahrain (BHR) |
2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 7 | Ethiopia (ETH) |
1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| Soviet Union (URS)
|
1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | |
| 9 |  Romania (ROU) |
1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 10 | Netherlands (NED)
|
1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 11 | Portugal (POR) |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 12 | China (CHN)
|
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 Sweden (SWE) |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 14 | Great Britain (GBR) |
0 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| 15 |  East Germany (GDR) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Ireland (IRL)
|
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Ukraine (UKR)
|
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Turkey (TUR)
|
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 19 |  Bulgaria (BUL) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| France (FRA)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Spain (ESP)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Switzerland (SUI)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
European Championships medalists
editMen
editWomen
editWorld Indoor Championships medalists
editMen
edit
Women
edit
- A Known as the World Indoor Games
Season's bests
edit
- "i" indicates performance on 200m indoor track
Other sports
edit1,500 metres is also an event in swimming, speed skating, and wheelchair racing. The world records for the distance in swimming for men are 14:31.02 (swum in a 50-metre pool) by Sun Yang, 14:08.06 (swum in a 25-metre pool) by Gregorio Paltrinieri; and by women 15:20.48 (swum in a 50-metre pool)[59] by Katie Ledecky, and 15:19.71 (swum in a 25-metre pool) by Mireia Belmonte García.
The world records for the distance in speed skating are 1:40.17 by Kjeld Nuis and 1:49.83 by Miho Takagi.
The records for wheelchair racing vary by disability classification:
- T51: 4:53.50 by Hélder Mestre
- T52: 3:29.79 by Raymond Martin
- T53 and T54: 2:51.84 by Brent Lakatos
Notes and references
edit- ^ In the United States, where the mile race remains highly popular, 'metric mile' often refers to a 1600 metre race, an event generally not run outside its borders.
- ^ 1500 m - Introduction. IAAF. Retrieved on 2012-02-07.
- ^ "IAAF: 100 Metres - men - senior - outdoor - 2018 - iaaf.org". iaaf.org.
- ^ "1500 Metres - men - senior - all". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2024-10-10.
- ^ "Scandal as controversial Chinese athlete Wang Junxia enters IAAF Hall of Fame". The Daily Telegraph. London. 9 March 2012. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012.
- ^ Bloom, Ben (25 February 2016). "Athletics world records blow as Wang Junxia 'admits' being part of Chinese state-sponsored doping regime". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2016-08-13.
- ^ McCune R. R. (2011-07-11). Verzbicas Breaks Four. Lets Run. Retrieved on 2012-02-07.
- ^ "Bayi's record may be gone but it should never be forgotten". HeraldScotland. 30 January 2014.
- ^ a b "Men's outdoor 1500 Metres | Records". worldathletics.org. World Athletics. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
- ^ a b "Women's outdoor 1500 Metres | Records". worldathletcs.org. World Athletics. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
- ^ "All-time men's best 1500m". alltime-athletics.com. 26 July 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
- ^ "1500m Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 17 July 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
- ^ a b "1500m Results" (PDF). swisstiming.com. 12 July 2024. Retrieved 12 July 2024.
- ^ a b c "Ingebrigtsen, Rojas and Barshim break meeting records in Silesia". World Athletics. 16 July 2023. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
- ^ Mike Rowbottom (18 July 2014). "Kiplagat shows his class with 3:27.64 in Monaco – IAAF Diamond League". IAAF. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
- ^ a b c "Hocker runs Olympic record to win highly anticipated 1500m clash in Paris | News | Paris 24 | Olympic Games". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2024-08-06.
- ^ a b Mike Rowbottom (19 July 2013). "Seven world leads on magical night in Monaco – IAAF Diamond League". IAAF. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
- ^ "1500m Results" (PDF). swisstiming.com. 22 August 2024. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
- ^ Cathal Dennehy (15 June 2023). "Warholm and Ingebrigtsen outstanding in Oslo". World Athletics. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
- ^ a b "1500m Result" (PDF). sportresult.com. 9 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
- ^ "1500m Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 17 July 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
- ^ "1500m Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 21 July 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
- ^ "IAAF Diamond League – 1500m Results". www.diamondleague-monaco.com. 18 July 2014. Archived from the original on 21 July 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
- ^ "1500m Result" (PDF). sportresult.com. 15 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
- ^ "All-time women's best 1500m". alltime-athletics.com. 6 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ "1500m Result" (PDF). swisstiming.com. 7 July 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
- ^ "1500m Result" (PDF). sportresult.com. 2 June 2023. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
- ^ "IAAF Diamond League Monaco – 1500m Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 17 July 2015. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
- ^ "1500m Result" (PDF). swisstiming.com. 20 April 2024. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
- ^ "1500m Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 10 August 2022. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
- ^ "1500m Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 16 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
- ^ "1500m Result" (PDF). swisstiming.com. 7 July 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
- ^ "1500m Result" (PDF). sportresult.com. 9 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
- ^ "Women's 1500m Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 10 August 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
- ^ "Herculis EBS | Results | World Athletics". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
- ^ "1500m Women − Final − Results" (PDF). IAAF. 5 October 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
- ^ "Women's 1500m Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 10 August 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
- ^ Cathal Dennehy (29 May 2022). "Norman reigns in fierce 400m clash with record run in Eugene". World Athletics. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
- ^ "Women's 1500m Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 10 August 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
- ^ "Women's 1500m Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 10 August 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
- ^ "Women's 1500m Results" (PDF). swisstiming.com. 30 August 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
- ^ "Women's 1500m Final Results" (PDF). World Athletics. 18 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.
- ^ "Women's 1500m Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
- ^ "1500m Result" (PDF). swisstiming.com. 20 April 2024. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
- ^ "Prefontaine Classic 2021 Complete Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 21 August 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 August 2021. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
- ^ "Women's 1500m Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 10 August 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
- ^ "Women's 1500m Results" (PDF). swisstiming.com. 30 August 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
- ^ Jessie Gabriel (30 June 2024). "McLaughlin-Levrone breaks world 400m hurdles record at US Trials". World Athletics. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "1500 Metres - men - senior - indoor". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-02-13.
- ^ a b c "Tsegay threatens world indoor 3000m record, as tour titles are won in Birmingham | REPORT | World Athletics". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-02-25.
- ^ "1500m Results". World Athletics. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ "1500m Results". World Athletics. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ "1500 Metres - women - senior - indoor". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-02-13.
- ^ a b c d e "1500m Results" (PDF). copernicus.domtel-sport.pl. 6 February 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
- ^ Jon Mulkeen (5 February 2024). "Lyles breaks 60m meeting record in Boston with 6.44". World Athletics. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
- ^ "1500m Results". World Athletics. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ "1500m En Route Results". millrosegames.org. 11 February 2024. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
- ^ On 17 August 2015, the Court of Arbitration for Sport says it approved a settlement agreed to by Turkish athlete Aslı Çakır Alptekin and the IAAF. Alptekin has agreed to forfeit her 1500 metres Olympic title and serve an eight-year ban for blood doping.12 On 29 March 2017, Turkish athlete Gamze Bulut was banned for doping and lost her Olympic silver medal. Maryam Yusuf Jamal of Bahrain was advanced to gold, the silver medal was awarded to Tatyana Tomashova of Russia, and the bronze medal was awarded to Abeba Aregawi of Ethiopia. Tomashova was earlier found guilty of doping and missed the 2008 Olympics because of that, and was banned after the Olympics for failing another drug test.3
- ^ "Katie Ledecky's World Record Kick Starts TYR Pro Swim Series at Indianapolis". swimmingworldmagazine.com. 16 May 2018.
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