February 13

February 13 in recent years
2024 (Tuesday)
2023 (Monday)
2022 (Sunday)
2021 (Saturday)
2020 (Thursday)
2019 (Wednesday)
2018 (Tuesday)
2017 (Monday)
2016 (Saturday)
2015 (Friday)

February 13 is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar; 321 days remain until the end of the year (322 in leap years).

Events

Pre-1600

962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the Diploma Ottonianum, recognizing John as ruler of Rome.^[1]
1258 – Siege of Baghdad: Hulegu Khan, a prince of the Mongol Empire, orders his army to sack and plunder the city of Baghdad, which they had just captured.^[2]
1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th.^[3]
1462 – The Treaty of Westminster is finalised between Edward IV of England and the Scottish Lord of the Isles.^[4]
1503 – Challenge of Barletta: Tournament between 13 Italian and 13 French knights near Barletta.^[5]
1542 – Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England, is executed for adultery.^[6]

1601–1900

1633 – Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.^[7]
1642 – The Clergy Act becomes law, excluding bishops of the Church of England from serving in the House of Lords.^[8]
1660 – With the accession of young Charles XI of Sweden, his regents begin negotiations to end the Second Northern War.^[9]
1689 – William and Mary are proclaimed co-rulers of England.^[10]
1692 – Massacre of Glencoe: Almost 80 Macdonalds at Glen Coe, Scotland are killed early in the morning for not promptly pledging allegiance to the new king, William of Orange.^[11]
1726 – Parliament of Negrete between Mapuche and Spanish authorities in Chile bring an end to the Mapuche uprising of 1723–26.^[12]
1755 – Treaty of Giyanti signed by VOC, Pakubuwono III and Prince Mangkubumi. The treaty divides the Javanese kingdom of Mataram into two: Sunanate of Surakarta and Sultanate of Yogyakarta.
1849 – The delegation headed by Metropolitan bishop Andrei Șaguna hands out to the Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria the General Petition of Romanian leaders in Transylvania, Banat and Bukovina, which demands that the Romanian nation be recognized.
1861 – Italian unification: The Siege of Gaeta ends with the capitulation of the defending fortress, effectively bringing an end of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
1867 – Work begins on the covering of the Senne, burying Brussels's primary river and creating the modern central boulevards.
1880 – Thomas Edison observes Thermionic emission.

1901–present

1913 – The 13th Dalai Lama proclaims Tibetan independence following a period of domination by Manchu Qing dynasty and initiated a period of almost four decades of independence.
1914 – Copyright: In New York City the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers is established to protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.
1920 – The Negro National League is formed.
1931 – The British Raj completes its transfer from Calcutta to New Delhi.
1935 – A jury in Flemington, New Jersey finds Bruno Hauptmann guilty of the 1932 kidnapping and murder of the Lindbergh baby, the son of Charles Lindbergh.
1945 – World War II: The siege of Budapest concludes with the unconditional surrender of German and Hungarian forces to the Red Army.
1945 – World War II: Royal Air Force bombers are dispatched to Dresden, Germany to attack the city with a massive aerial bombardment.
1951 – Korean War: Battle of Chipyong-ni, which represented the "high-water mark" of the Chinese incursion into South Korea, commences.
1954 – Frank Selvy becomes the only NCAA Division I basketball player ever to score 100 points in a single game.
1955 – Israel obtains four of the seven Dead Sea Scrolls.
1955 – Twenty-nine people are killed when Sabena Flight 503 crashes into Monte Terminillo near Rieti, Italy.^[13]
1960 – With the success of a nuclear test codenamed "Gerboise Bleue", France becomes the fourth country to possess nuclear weapons.
1960 – Black college students stage the first of the Nashville sit-ins at three lunch counters in Nashville, Tennessee.
1961 – An allegedly 500,000-year-old rock is discovered near Olancha, California, US, that appears to anachronistically encase a spark plug.
1967 – American researchers discover the Madrid Codices by Leonardo da Vinci in the National Library of Spain.
1975 – Fire at One World Trade Center (North Tower) of the World Trade Center in New York.
1978 – Hilton bombing: A bomb explodes in a refuse truck outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing two refuse collectors and a policeman.
1979 – An intense windstorm strikes western Washington and sinks a 0.5-mile (0.80 km) long section of the Hood Canal Bridge.
1981 – A series of sewer explosions destroys more than two miles of streets in Louisville, Kentucky.
1983 – A cinema fire in Turin, Italy, kills 64 people.
1984 – Konstantin Chernenko succeeds the late Yuri Andropov as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1990 – German reunification: An agreement is reached on a two-stage plan to reunite Germany.
1991 – Gulf War: Two laser-guided "smart bombs" destroy the Amiriyah shelter in Baghdad. Allied forces said the bunker was being used as a military communications outpost, but over 400 Iraqi civilians inside were killed.
1996 – The Nepalese Civil War is initiated in the Kingdom of Nepal by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre).
2001 – An earthquake measuring 7.6 on the Richter magnitude scale hits El Salvador, killing at least 944.
2004 – The Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics announces the discovery of the universe's largest known diamond, white dwarf star BPM 37093. Astronomers named this star "Lucy" after The Beatles' song "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds".
2007 – Taiwan opposition leader Ma Ying-jeou resigns as the chairman of the Kuomintang party after being indicted on charges of embezzlement during his tenure as the mayor of Taipei; Ma also announces his candidacy for the 2008 presidential election.
2008 – Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd makes a historic apology to the Indigenous Australians and the Stolen Generations.
2010 – A bomb explodes in the city of Pune, Maharashtra, India, killing 17 and injuring 60 more.
2011 – For the first time in more than 100 years the Umatilla, an American Indian tribe, are able to hunt and harvest a bison just outside Yellowstone National Park, restoring a centuries-old tradition guaranteed by a treaty signed in 1855.
2012 – The European Space Agency (ESA) conducted the first launch of the European Vega rocket from Europe's spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana.
2017 – Kim Jong-nam, brother of North Korean dictator Kim Jong-un, is assassinated at Kuala Lumpur International Airport.
2021 – Former U.S. President Donald Trump is acquitted in his second impeachment trial.^[14]
2021 – A major winter storm causes blackouts and kills at least 82 people in Texas and northern Mexico.^[15]^[16]

Births

Pre-1600

1440 – Hartmann Schedel, German physician (d. 1514)
1457 – Mary of Burgundy, Sovereign Duchess regnant of Burgundy, married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1482)
1469 – Elia Levita, Renaissance Hebrew grammarian (d. 1549)
1480 – Girolamo Aleandro, Italian cardinal (d. 1542)
1523 – Valentin Naboth, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1593)
1539 – Elisabeth of Hesse, Electress Palatine (d. 1582)
1569 – Johann Reinhard I, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1625)
1599 – Pope Alexander VII (d. 1667)

1601–1900

1602 – William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1637)
1672 – Étienne François Geoffroy, French physician and chemist (d. 1731)
1683 – Giovanni Battista Piazzetta, Italian painter (d. 1754)
1719 – George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney, English admiral and politician (d. 1792)
1721 – John Reid, Scottish general (d. 1807)
1728 – John Hunter, Scottish surgeon and anatomist (d. 1793)
1766 – Thomas Robert Malthus, English economist and scholar (d. 1834)
1768 – Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, French general and politician, 15th Prime Minister of France (d. 1835)
1769 – Ivan Krylov, Russian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1844)
1805 – Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, German mathematician and academic (d. 1859)
1811 – François Achille Bazaine, French general (d. 1888)
1815 – Rufus Wilmot Griswold, American anthologist, editor, poet and critic (d. 1857)
1819 – Francis Smith, Haitian-Australian politician, 4th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1909)^[17]
1831 – John Aaron Rawlins, American general and politician, 29th United States Secretary of War (d. 1869)
1834 – Heinrich Caro, Sephardic Jewish Polish-German chemist and academic (d. 1910)
1835 – Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, Indian religious leader (d. 1908)
1849 – Lord Randolph Churchill, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1895)
1855 – Paul Deschanel, Belgian-French politician, 11th President of France (d. 1922)
1863 – Hugo Becker, German cellist and composer (d. 1941)
1867 – Harold Mahony, Scottish-Irish tennis player (d. 1905)
1870 – Leopold Godowsky, Polish-American pianist and composer (d. 1938)
1871 – Joseph Devlin, Northern Irish political leader (Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)) (d. 1934)^[18]
1873 – Feodor Chaliapin, Russian opera singer (d. 1938)
1876 – Fritz Buelow, German-American baseball player and umpire (d. 1933)
1879 – Sarojini Naidu, Indian poet and activist (d. 1949)
1880 – Dimitrie Gusti, Romanian sociologist, ethnologist, historian, and philosopher (d. 1955)
1881 – Eleanor Farjeon, English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1965)^[19]
1883 – Hal Chase, American baseball player and manager (d. 1947)
1883 – Yevgeny Vakhtangov, Russian-Armenian actor and director (d. 1922)
1884 – Alfred Carlton Gilbert, American pole vaulter and businessman, founded the A. C. Gilbert Company (d. 1961)
1885 – Bess Truman, 35th First Lady of the United States (d. 1982)
1887 – Géza Csáth, Hungarian playwright and critic (d. 1919)
1888 – Georgios Papandreou, Greek lawyer, economist, and politician, 162nd Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1968)
1889 – Leontine Sagan, Austrian actress and director (d. 1974)
1891 – Kate Roberts, Welsh author and activist (d. 1985)
1891 – Grant Wood, American painter and academic (d. 1942)
1892 – Robert H. Jackson, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 57th United States Attorney General (d. 1954)
1898 – Hubert Ashton, English cricketer and politician (d. 1979)
1899 – Rolf Stenersen, Norwegian businessman (d. 1978)^[20]
1900 – Barbara von Annenkoff, Russian-born German film and stage actress (d. 1979)

1901–present

1901 – Paul Lazarsfeld, Austrian-American sociologist and academic (d. 1976)
1902 – Harold Lasswell, American political scientist and theorist (d. 1978)
1903 – Georgy Beriev, Georgian-Russian engineer, founded the Beriev Design Bureau (d. 1979)
1903 – Georges Simenon, Belgian-Swiss author (d. 1989)
1906 – Agostinho da Silva, Portuguese philosopher and author (d. 1994)
1907 – Katy de la Cruz, Filipino-American singer and actress (d. 2004)
1910 – William Shockley, English-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
1911 – Faiz Ahmad Faiz, Indian-Pakistani poet and journalist (d. 1984)
1911 – Jean Muir, American actress and educator (d. 1996)
1912 – Harald Riipalu, Russian-Estonian commander (d. 1961)
1912 – Margaretta Scott, English actress (d. 2005)
1913 – Khalid of Saudi Arabia (d. 1982)
1915 – Lyle Bettger, American actor (d. 2003)
1915 – Aung San, Burmese general and politician, 5th Premier of British Crown Colony of Burma (d. 1947)
1916 – Dorothy Bliss, American invertebrate zoologist (d. 1987)
1919 – Tennessee Ernie Ford, American singer and actor (d. 1991)^[21]
1919 – Eddie Robinson, American football player and coach (d. 2007)
1920 – Boudleaux Bryant, American songwriter (d. 1987)
1920 – Eileen Farrell, American soprano and educator (d. 2002)
1921 – Jeanne Demessieux, French pianist and composer (d. 1968)^[22]
1921 – Aung Khin, Burmese painter (d. 1996)
1922 – Francis Pym, Baron Pym, Welsh soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (d. 2008)
1922 – Gordon Tullock, American economist and academic (d. 2014)
1923 – Michael Anthony Bilandic, American soldier, judge, and politician, 49th Mayor of Chicago (d. 2002)
1923 – Chuck Yeager, American general and pilot; first test pilot to break the sound barrier (d. 2020)^[21]
1924 – Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, French journalist and politician (d. 2006)
1926 – Fay Ajzenberg-Selove, American nuclear physicist (d. 2012)
1928 – Gerald Regan, Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th Premier of Nova Scotia (d. 2019)
1929 – Omar Torrijos, Panamanian commander and politician, Military Leader of Panama (d. 1981)
1930 – Ernst Fuchs, Austrian painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 2015)
1930 – Israel Kirzner, English-American economist, author, and academic
1932 – Susan Oliver, American actress (d. 1990)
1933 – Paul Biya, Cameroon politician, 2nd President of Cameroon
1933 – Kim Novak, American actress^[23]
1933 – Emanuel Ungaro, French fashion designer (d. 2019)
1934 – George Segal, American actor (d. 2021)^[21]
1937 – Ali El-Maak, Sudanese author and academic (d. 1992)
1937 – Sigmund Jähn, German pilot and cosmonaut (d. 2019)^[24]
1937 – Angelo Mosca, American-Canadian football player and wrestler (d. 2021)
1938 – Oliver Reed, English actor (d. 1999)
1940 – Bram Peper, Dutch sociologist and politician, Mayor of Rotterdam (d. 2022)
1941 – Sigmar Polke, German painter and photographer (d. 2010)
1941 – Bo Svenson, Swedish-American actor, director, and producer^[23]
1942 – Carol Lynley, American model and actress (d. 2019)^[21]
1942 – Peter Tork, American singer-songwriter, bass player, and actor (d. 2019)^[21]
1942 – Donald E. Williams, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2016)
1943 – Elaine Pagels, American theologian and academic
1944 – Stockard Channing, American actress^[23]
1944 – Jerry Springer, English-American television host, actor, and politician, 56th Mayor of Cincinnati (d. 2023)^[23]
1945 – Marian Dawkins, English biologist and academic
1945 – King Floyd, American singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
1945 – Simon Schama, English historian and author
1945 – William Sleator, American author and composer (d. 2011)
1946 – Richard Blumenthal, American sergeant and politician, 23rd Attorney General of Connecticut
1946 – Janet Finch, English sociologist and academic
1946 – Colin Matthews, English composer and educator
1947 – Stephen Hadley, American soldier and diplomat, 21st United States National Security Advisor
1947 – Mike Krzyzewski, American basketball player and coach^[23]
1947 – Bogdan Tanjević, Montenegrin-Bosnian basketball coach
1947 – Kevin Bloody Wilson, Australian comedian, singer-songwriter, and guitarist
1949 – Peter Kern, Austrian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
1950 – Vera Baird, English lawyer and politician
1950 – Peter Gabriel, English singer-songwriter and musician^[23]
1951 – David Naughton, American actor and singer^[23]
1952 – Ed Gagliardi, American musician (d. 2014)
1953 – Akio Sato, Japanese wrestler and manager
1954 – Donnie Moore, American baseball player (d. 1989)
1955 – Joe Birkett, American lawyer, judge, and politician
1956 – Peter Hook, English singer, songwriter, musician, and record producer^[23]
1957 – Denise Austin, American fitness trainer and author^[21]
1958 – Pernilla August, Swedish actress
1958 – Øivind Elgenes, Norwegian singer, guitarist, and composer
1958 – Marc Emery, Canadian publisher and activist
1958 – Jean-François Lisée, Canadian journalist and politician
1958 – Derek Riggs, English painter and illustrator
1959 – Gaston Gingras, Canadian ice hockey player
1960 – Pierluigi Collina, Italian footballer and referee
1960 – John Healey, English journalist and politician
1960 – Gary Patterson, American football player and coach
1960 – Matt Salinger, American actor^[23]
1960 – Artur Yusupov, Russian-German chess player and author
1961 – Marc Crawford, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1961 – cEvin Key, Canadian singer-songwriter, drummer, keyboard player, and producer
1961 – Henry Rollins, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor^[23]
1962 – Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, Puerto Rican lawyer and politician
1962 – Baby Doll, American wrestler and manager
1962 – Michele Greene, American actress
1964 – Stephen Bowen, American engineer, captain, and astronaut
1964 – Ylva Johansson, Swedish educator and politician, Swedish Minister of Employment
1965 – Peter O'Neill, Papua New Guinean accountant and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
1966 – Neal McDonough, American actor and producer^[23]
1966 – Jeff Waters, Canadian guitarist, songwriter, and producer
1966 – Freedom Williams, American rapper and singer^[23]
1967 – Stanimir Stoilov, Bulgarian footballer and coach
1968 – Kelly Hu, American actress^[23]
1969 – Joyce DiDonato, American soprano and actress
1969 – Bryan Thomas Schmidt, American science fiction author and editor^[25]
1970 – Elmer Bennett, American basketball player^[26]
1970 – Karoline Krüger, Norwegian singer-songwriter and pianist
1971 – Sonia Evans, English singer-songwriter
1971 – Mats Sundin, Swedish ice hockey player
1971 – Todd Williams, American baseball player
1972 – Virgilijus Alekna, Lithuanian discus thrower^[27]
1972 – Juha Ylönen, Finnish ice hockey player^[28]
1974 – Fonzworth Bentley, American rapper and actor
1974 – Robbie Williams, English singer-songwriter^[23]
1975 – Ben Collins, English race car driver
1975 – Katie Hopkins, English media personality and columnist
1976 – Jörg Bergmeister, German race car driver
1976 – Feist, Canadian singer-songwriter and musician^[23]
1977 – Randy Moss, American football player and coach
1978 – Niklas Bäckström, Finnish ice hockey player
1978 – Philippe Jaroussky, French singer
1978 – Cory Murphy, Canadian ice hockey player and coach^[29]
1979 – Anders Behring Breivik, Norwegian murderer
1979 – Rafael Márquez, Mexican footballer
1979 – Rachel Reeves, English economist and politician, Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer^[30]
1979 – Mena Suvari, American actress and fashion designer^[31]
1980 – Carlos Cotto, Puerto Rican-American wrestler and boxer
1981 – Luisão, Brazilian footballer
1981 – Luke Ridnour, American basketball player^[32]
1982 – Even Helte Hermansen, Norwegian guitarist and composer
1982 – Michael Turner, American football player
1983 – Mike Nickeas, Canadian baseball player
1983 – Anna Watkins, English rower
1984 – Hinkelien Schreuder, Dutch swimmer
1985 – Somdev Devvarman, Indian tennis player^[33]
1985 – J. R. Giddens, American basketball player^[34]
1985 – Kwak Ji-min, South Korean actress
1985 – Al Montoya, American ice hockey player^[35]
1986 – Luke Moore, English footballer
1986 – Aqib Talib, American football player^[36]
1987 – Eljero Elia, Dutch footballer
1988 – Ryan Goins, American baseball player
1988 – Dave Rudden, Irish author^[37]
1989 – Rodrigo Possebon, Brazilian footballer
1990 – Nathan Eovaldi, American baseball player^[38]
1990 – Mamadou Sakho, French footballer^[39]
1991 – Eliaquim Mangala, French footballer^[40]
1991 – Vianney, French singer
1991 – Luke Voit, American baseball player^[41]
1992 – Keith Appling, American basketball player^[42]
1994 – Memphis Depay, Dutch footballer
1995 – Kendall Fuller, American football player^[43]
1995 – Georges-Kévin Nkoudou, French-Cameroonian footballer^[44]
2000 – Vitinha, Portuguese footballer^[45]
2001 – Kaapo Kakko, Finnish ice hockey player^[46]
2002 – Jaden Ivey, American basketball player^[47]
2002 – Sophia Lillis, American actress^[21]

Deaths

Pre-1600

106 – Emperor He of Han (Han Hedi) of the Chinese Eastern Han dynasty (b. AD 79)^[48]
721 – Chilperic II, Frankish king (b. 672)
858 – Kenneth MacAlpin, Scottish king (probable;^[49] b. 810)
921 – Vratislaus I, duke of Bohemia
936 – Xiao Wen, empress of the Liao dynasty
942 – Muhammad ibn Ra'iq, Abbasid emir and regent
988 – Adalbert Atto, Lombard nobleman^[50]
1021 – Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, Fatimid caliph (b. 985)
1130 – Honorius II, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1060)^[51]
1141 – Béla II, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1110)
1199 – Stefan Nemanja, Serbian grand prince (b. 1113)
1219 – Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shōgun (b. 1192)
1332 – Andronikos II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1259)
1351 – Kō no Morofuyu, Japanese general
1539 – Isabella d'Este, Italian noblewoman (b. 1474)
1542 – Catherine Howard, English wife of Henry VIII of England (executed;^[52] b. 1521)
1571 – Benvenuto Cellini, Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1500)
1585 – Alfonso Salmeron, Spanish priest and scholar (b. 1515)

1601–1900

1602 – Alexander Nowell, English clergyman and theologian (b. 1507)
1660 – Charles X Gustav, king of Sweden (b. 1622)
1662 – Elizabeth Stuart, queen of Bohemia (b. 1596)^[53]
1693 – Johann Caspar Kerll, German organist and composer (b. 1627)
1727 – William Wotton, English linguist and scholar (b. 1666)
1728 – Cotton Mather, American minister and author (b. 1663)
1732 – Charles-René d'Hozier, French historian and author (b. 1640)
1741 – Johann Joseph Fux, Austrian composer and theorist (b. 1660)
1787 – Roger Joseph Boscovich, Croatian physicist, astronomer, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1711)
1787 – Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, French lawyer and politician, Foreign Minister of France (b. 1717)
1795 – George (Konissky), Orthodox archbishop, preacher, philosopher and theologian (b. 1717)^[54]
1813 – Samuel Ashe, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725)
1818 – George Rogers Clark, American general (b. 1752)
1826 – Peter Ludwig von der Pahlen, Russian general and politician, Governor-General of Baltic provinces (b. 1745)
1831 – Edward Berry, English admiral (b. 1768)
1837 – Mariano José de Larra, Spanish journalist and author (b. 1809)
1845 – Henrik Steffens, Norwegian-German philosopher and poet (b. 1773)
1859 – Eliza Acton, English food writer and poet (b. 1799)^[55]
1877 – Costache Caragiale, Romanian actor and manager (b. 1815)
1883 – Richard Wagner, German composer (b. 1813)
1888 – Jean-Baptiste Lamy, French-American archbishop (b. 1814)
1892 – Provo Wallis, Canadian-English admiral (b. 1791)^[56]
1893 – Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, Mexican intellectual and journalist (b. 1834)

1901–present

1905 – Konstantin Savitsky, Russian painter (b. 1844)
1906 – Albert Gottschalk, Danish painter (b. 1866)
1934 – József Pusztai, Slovene-Hungarian poet and journalist (b. 1864)
1942 – Otakar Batlička, Czech journalist (b. 1895)
1942 – Epitácio Pessoa, Brazilian lawyer, judge, and politician, 11th President of Brazil (b. 1865)
1950 – Rafael Sabatini, Italian-English novelist and short story writer (b. 1875)
1951 – Lloyd C. Douglas, American minister and author (b. 1877)
1952 – Josephine Tey, Scottish author and playwright (b. 1896)
1954 – Agnes Macphail, Canadian educator and politician (b. 1890)
1956 – Jan Łukasiewicz, Polish mathematician and philosopher (b. 1878)
1958 – Christabel Pankhurst, English activist, co-founded the Women's Social and Political Union (b. 1880)
1958 – Georges Rouault, French painter and illustrator (b. 1871)
1964 – Paulino Alcántara, Filipino-Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1896)
1964 – Werner Heyde, German psychiatrist and academic (b. 1902)
1967 – Yoshisuke Aikawa, entrepreneur, businessman, and politician, founded Nissan Motor Company (b. 1880)
1967 – Abelardo L. Rodríguez, substitute president of Mexico (1932–1934) (b. 1889)^[57]
1968 – Mae Marsh, American actress (b. 1895)
1968 – Portia White, Canadian opera singer (b. 1911)^[58]
1973 – Marinus Jan Granpré Molière, Dutch architect and educator (b. 1883)
1975 – André Beaufre, French general (b. 1902)
1976 – Murtala Mohammed, Nigerian general and politician, 4th President of Nigeria (b. 1938)
1976 – Lily Pons, French-American soprano and actress (b. 1904)
1980 – David Janssen, American actor (b. 1931)
1984 – Cheong Eak Chong, Singaporean entrepreneur (b. 1888)^[59]
1986 – Yuri Ivask, Russian-American poet and critic (b. 1907)
1989 – Wayne Hays, American lieutenant and politician (b. 1911)
1991 – Arno Breker, German sculptor and illustrator (b. 1900)
1992 – Nikolay Bogolyubov, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and physicist (b. 1909)
1996 – Martin Balsam, American actor (b. 1919)
1997 – Robert Klark Graham, American eugenicist and businessman (b. 1906)
1997 – Mark Krasnosel'skii, Russian-Ukrainian mathematician and academic (b. 1920)
2000 – Anders Aalborg, Canadian educator and politician (b. 1914)
2000 – James Cooke Brown, American sociologist and author (b. 1921)
2000 – John Leake, English soldier (b. 1949)
2002 – Waylon Jennings, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1937)
2003 – Kid Gavilán, Cuban-American boxer (b. 1926)
2003 – Walt Whitman Rostow, American economist; 7th United States National Security Advisor (b. 1916)
2004 – François Tavenas, Canadian engineer and academic (b. 1942)
2004 – Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, Chechen politician, 2nd President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (b. 1952)
2005 – Nelson Briles, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1943)
2005 – Lúcia Santos, Portuguese nun (b. 1907)
2006 – P. F. Strawson, English philosopher and author (b. 1919)
2007 – Elizabeth Jolley, English-Australian author and academic (b. 1923)
2007 – Charlie Norwood, American captain and politician (b. 1941)
2007 – Richard Gordon Wakeford, English air marshal (b. 1922)
2008 – Kon Ichikawa, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
2009 – Edward Upward, English author and educator (b. 1903)
2010 – Lucille Clifton, American poet and academic (b. 1936)
2010 – Dale Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1936)
2012 – Russell Arms, American actor and singer (b. 1920)
2012 – Louise Cochrane, American-English screenwriter and producer (b. 1918)
2012 – Daniel C. Gerould, American playwright and academic (b. 1928)
2013 – Gerry Day, American journalist and screenwriter (b. 1922)
2013 – Miles J. Jones, American pathologist and physician (b. 1952)
2013 – Pieter Kooijmans, Dutch judge and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for The Netherlands (b. 1933)
2013 – Andrée Malebranche, Haitian artist (b. 1916)^[60]
2013 – Yuko Tojo, Japanese activist and politician (b. 1939)
2014 – Balu Mahendra, Sri Lankan-Indian director, cinematographer, and screenwriter (b. 1939)
2014 – Richard Møller Nielsen, Danish footballer and manager (b. 1937)
2014 – Ralph Waite, American actor and activist (b. 1928)
2015 – Faith Bandler, Australian activist and author (b. 1918)
2015 – Stan Chambers, American journalist and actor (b. 1923)
2016 – O. N. V. Kurup, Indian poet and academic (b. 1931)
2016 – Antonin Scalia, American lawyer and judge, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (b. 1936)
2017 – Ricardo Arias Calderón, Panamanian politician (b. 1933)
2017 – Aileen Hernandez, American union organizer and activist (b. 1926)
2017 – Seijun Suzuki, Japanese filmmaker (b. 1923)
2017 – Kim Jong-nam, North Korean politician (b. 1971)
2017 – E-Dubble, American rapper (b. 1982)
2018 – Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark, French-born Danish royal (b. 1934)^[61]
2019 – Callistus Ndlovu, Zimbabwean academic and politician (b. 1936)^[62]
2021 – Kadir Topbaş, Turkish politician (b. 1945)^[63]

Holidays and observances

References

^ Kirsch, Johann Peter (1910). "John XIII". In Herbermann, Charles G.; Pace, Edward A; Pallen, Condé B.; Shahan, Thomas J.; Wynne, John J. (eds.). The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Encyclopedia Press. p. 427. OCLC 13551132.
^ Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
^ Lindley, Phillip (1986). "Octagon at Ely". Journal of the British Archaeological Association. 139 (1): 75. doi:10.1179/jba.1986.139.1.75.
^ Macdougall, Norman (1982). James III: A Political Study. Edinburgh: J. Donald Publishers. p. 68, fn. 30. ISBN 9780859760782.
^ d'Azeglio, Massimo (1996). The Challenge of Barletta: Ettore Fieramosca, or, La Disfida di Barletta. Translated by Pansini, Anthony J. Waco, Tex.: Greenvale Press. p. xi. OCLC 43076306; Alexander, Alfred (1972). Giovanni Verga: A Great Writer and His World. London: Grant and Cutler. p. 99. ISBN 9780900411359.
^ Russell, Gareth (2017). Young and Damned and Fair: The Life of Catherine Howard, Fifth Wife of King Henry VIII. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 24. ISBN 9781501108631.
^ Carus, Paul (January 1908). "Galileo Galilei". The Open Court. p. 5. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
^ Manganiello, Stephen (2004). The Concise Encyclopedia of the Revolutions and Wars of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1639-1660. Scarecrow Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0810851009.
^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1905). Scandinavia: A Political History of Denmark, Norway and Sweden From 1513 to 1900. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. pp. 254–255. OCLC 896673892.
^ Cross, Arthur Lynn (1914). A History of England and Greater Britain. New York: Macmillan Co. p. 586. OCLC 53232555.
^ Edmund Goldsmid (1885). The Massacre of Glencoe: 13th of February 1692. Being a Reprint of a Contemporary Account of that Ruthless Butchery. E & G. Goldsmid.
^ Pinochet Ugarte, Augusto; Villaroel Carmona, Rafael; Lepe Orellana, Jaime; Fuente-Alba Poblete, J. Miguel; Fuenzalida Helms, Eduardo (1997). Historia militar de Chile (in Spanish) (3rd ed.). Biblioteca Militar. p. 88.
^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-6 OO-SDB Monte Terminillo". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
^ Gregorian, Dareh (February 13, 2021). "Trump acquitted in impeachment trial; 7 GOP Senators vote with Democrats to convict". NBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
^ Estrada, Jesús (February 16, 2021). "Tormenta invernal deja 12 muertos en estados del norte". jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). La Jornada. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
^ Castronuovo, Celine (20 February 2021). "Close to 70 dead in states with severe winter weather: report". The Hill. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
^ "Francis Villeneuve Smith". Members of the Parliament of Tasmania. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
^ McMahon, Seán (2011). 'Wee Joe' : the life of Joseph Devlin. Belfast: Brehon Press. ISBN 978-1-905474-35-6
^ Campbell, Margaret (1978). "Farjeon, Eleanor". In Kirkpatrick, D.L. (ed.). Twentieth-century Children's Writers. London: Macmillan. p. 426. ISBN 978-0-33323-414-3.
^ Bolstad, Erik, ed. (25 August 2023). "Rolf E. Stenersen". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Norsk nettleksikon. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Famous birthdays for Feb. 13: Kim Novak, Sophia Lillis". UPI. 13 February 2023. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ Randel, Don Michael (1996). The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 209. ISBN 978-0-67437-299-3.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Rose, Mike (13 February 2023). "Today's famous birthdays list for February 13, 2023 includes celebrities Henry Rollins, Mena Suvari". The Plain Dealer. Associated Press. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ Burgess, Colin (2016). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program. Cham: Springer Praxis Books. p. 57. ISBN 9783319241630.
^ "Schmidt, Bryan Thomas". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. Archived from the original on August 28, 2020. Retrieved December 18, 2020.
^ "Elmer Bennett". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ "Virgilijus Alekna". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
^ "Juha Ylonen". National Hockey League. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ "Cory Murphy". National Hockey League. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ "Rachel Reeves: 'I look at the life choices Ed Miliband's made and do not envy that'". The Independent. 21 November 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
^ "American Beauty's Greek actor". Ellines. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
^ "Luke Ridnour". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ Tagat, Anurag (24 February 2023). "Somdev Devvarman's solo album | A new set of strings". India Today. Vol. 48, no. 10. p. 66. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
^ "J.R. Giddens". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ "Al Montoya". National Hockey League. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ "Aqib Talib". NFL.com. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
^ Leonard, Sue (2016-03-26). "Beginner's Pluck". Irish Examiner.
^ "Nathan Eovaldi". Major League Baseball. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ "Mamadou Sakho". Premier League. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^ "Eliaquim Mangala at 25: the day he was born..." Manchester City. 13 February 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
^ "Luke Voit". Major League Baseball. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ "Keith Appling". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ "Kendall Fuller". ESPN. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ "Georges-Kévin Nkoudou". Premier League. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^ "Vitinha". Premier League. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^ "Kaapo Kakko #24". NHL.com. National Hockey League. 14 January 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
^ "Jaden Ivey". NBA.com. National Basketball Association. Retrieved June 28, 2023.
^ Rafe de Crespigny (28 December 2006). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23–220 AD). BRILL. pp. 531–. ISBN 978-90-474-1184-0.
^ William Forbes Skene (1876). Celtic Scotland: A History of Ancient Alban. Edmonston & Douglas. pp. 308–.
^ "Bonorum Possessio". uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
^ John (of Worcester) (1995). The Chronicle of John of Worcester. Clarendon Press. pp. 189–. ISBN 978-0-19-820702-3.
^ Maria Hayward; Society of Antiquaries of London (2004). The 1542 Inventory of Whitehall: The Palace and Its Keeper. Illuminata Publishers for The Society of Antiquaries of London. ISBN 978-0-9547916-0-5.
^ "Elizabeth Stuart | Facts, Family, & Queen of Bohemia | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
^ W. Dysziniewicz; S. Somow; W. Tiepłowa. "Gieorgij (Konisskij Grigorij Osipowicz)". Prawosławnaja Encikłopiedija. Vol. X. Moscow: Cerkowno-Naucznyj Centr "Prawosławnaja Encikłopiedija". pp. 662–663. ISBN 5-89572-005-6.
^ An encyclopedia of British women writers (Rev. and expanded ed.). New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press. 1998. p. 1. ISBN 0813525438.
^ Heathcote, Tony (2002). The British Admirals of the Fleet 1734–1995. Pen & Sword. p. 249. ISBN 0-85052-835-6.
^ "Abelardo L. Rodríguez" (in Spanish). Busca Biografias. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
^ King, Betty Nygaard; So, Joseph K.; Mcpherson, James B. (December 20, 2018). "Portia White". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2020-05-16.
^ "Mr. Cheong Eak Chong". The Straits Times. February 15, 1984. p. 41. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
^ Knight, Franklin W.; Gates, Henry Louis Jr, eds. (2016). "Malebranche, Andrée (1916–2013)". Dictionary of Caribbean and Afro–Latin American Biography. ISBN 978-0-19-993579-6. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
^ "Hans Kongelige Højhed Prins Henrik afgået ved døden". Kongehuset (in Danish). February 14, 2018.
^ Shumba, Pamela (2019-02-15). "Callistus Ndlovu death shocks President". The Chronicle. Retrieved 2022-12-25.
^ "Turkey: Funeral held for ex-Istanbul mayor Kadir Topbas". Anadolu Agency. February 14, 2021.
^ "International Days". www.un.org. 6 January 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2021.

External links

[1] Kirsch, Johann Peter (1910). "John XIII". In Herbermann, Charles G.; Pace, Edward A; Pallen, Condé B.; Shahan, Thomas J.; Wynne, John J. (eds.). The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Encyclopedia Press. p. 427. OCLC 13551132.

[2] Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Retrieved 2 March 2022.

[3] Lindley, Phillip (1986). "Octagon at Ely". Journal of the British Archaeological Association. 139 (1): 75. doi:10.1179/jba.1986.139.1.75.

[4] Macdougall, Norman (1982). James III: A Political Study. Edinburgh: J. Donald Publishers. p. 68, fn. 30. ISBN 9780859760782.

[5] 'Azeglio, Massimo (1996). The Challenge of Barletta: Ettore Fieramosca, or, La Disfida di Barletta. Translated by Pansini, Anthony J. Waco, Tex.: Greenvale Press. p. xi. OCLC 43076306; Alexander, Alfred (1972). Giovanni Verga: A Great Writer and His World. London: Grant and Cutler. p. 99. ISBN 9780900411359.

[6] Russell, Gareth (2017). Young and Damned and Fair: The Life of Catherine Howard, Fifth Wife of King Henry VIII. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 24. ISBN 9781501108631.

[7] Carus, Paul (January 1908). "Galileo Galilei". The Open Court. p. 5. Retrieved February 13, 2021.

[8] Manganiello, Stephen (2004). The Concise Encyclopedia of the Revolutions and Wars of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1639-1660. Scarecrow Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0810851009.

[9] Bain, Robert Nisbet (1905). Scandinavia: A Political History of Denmark, Norway and Sweden From 1513 to 1900. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. pp. 254–255. OCLC 896673892.

[10] Cross, Arthur Lynn (1914). A History of England and Greater Britain. New York: Macmillan Co. p. 586. OCLC 53232555.

[11] Edmund Goldsmid (1885). The Massacre of Glencoe: 13th of February 1692. Being a Reprint of a Contemporary Account of that Ruthless Butchery. E & G. Goldsmid.

[12] Pinochet Ugarte, Augusto; Villaroel Carmona, Rafael; Lepe Orellana, Jaime; Fuente-Alba Poblete, J. Miguel; Fuenzalida Helms, Eduardo (1997). Historia militar de Chile (in Spanish) (3rd ed.). Biblioteca Militar. p. 88.

[13] Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-6 OO-SDB Monte Terminillo". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2022-02-12.

[14] Gregorian, Dareh (February 13, 2021). "Trump acquitted in impeachment trial; 7 GOP Senators vote with Democrats to convict". NBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.

[15] Estrada, Jesús (February 16, 2021). "Tormenta invernal deja 12 muertos en estados del norte". jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). La Jornada. Retrieved March 11, 2021.

[16] Castronuovo, Celine (20 February 2021). "Close to 70 dead in states with severe winter weather: report". The Hill. Retrieved March 11, 2021.

[:6-17] "Francis Villeneuve Smith". Members of the Parliament of Tasmania. Retrieved 26 July 2022.

[18] McMahon, Seán (2011). 'Wee Joe' : the life of Joseph Devlin. Belfast: Brehon Press. ISBN 978-1-905474-35-6

[19] Campbell, Margaret (1978). "Farjeon, Eleanor". In Kirkpatrick, D.L. (ed.). Twentieth-century Children's Writers. London: Macmillan. p. 426. ISBN 978-0-33323-414-3.

[20] Bolstad, Erik, ed. (25 August 2023). "Rolf E. Stenersen". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Norsk nettleksikon. Retrieved 18 March 2024.

[UPI-21] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Famous birthdays for Feb. 13: Kim Novak, Sophia Lillis". UPI. 13 February 2023. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[22] Randel, Don Michael (1996). The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 209. ISBN 978-0-67437-299-3.

[AP-23] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Rose, Mike (13 February 2023). "Today's famous birthdays list for February 13, 2023 includes celebrities Henry Rollins, Mena Suvari". The Plain Dealer. Associated Press. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[24] Burgess, Colin (2016). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program. Cham: Springer Praxis Books. p. 57. ISBN 9783319241630.

[sfe_entry-25] "Schmidt, Bryan Thomas". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. Archived from the original on August 28, 2020. Retrieved December 18, 2020.

[26] "Elmer Bennett". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[27] "Virgilijus Alekna". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 5 March 2020.

[28] "Juha Ylonen". National Hockey League. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[29] "Cory Murphy". National Hockey League. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[30] "Rachel Reeves: 'I look at the life choices Ed Miliband's made and do not envy that'". The Independent. 21 November 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2019.

[31] "American Beauty's Greek actor". Ellines. Retrieved 12 February 2019.

[32] "Luke Ridnour". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[33] Tagat, Anurag (24 February 2023). "Somdev Devvarman's solo album | A new set of strings". India Today. Vol. 48, no. 10. p. 66. Retrieved 27 February 2023.

[34] "J.R. Giddens". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[35] "Al Montoya". National Hockey League. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[36] "Aqib Talib". NFL.com. Retrieved 16 March 2020.

[37] Leonard, Sue (2016-03-26). "Beginner's Pluck". Irish Examiner.

[38] "Nathan Eovaldi". Major League Baseball. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[39] "Mamadou Sakho". Premier League. Retrieved 13 February 2024.

[40] "Eliaquim Mangala at 25: the day he was born..." Manchester City. 13 February 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2019.

[41] "Luke Voit". Major League Baseball. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[42] "Keith Appling". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[43] "Kendall Fuller". ESPN. Retrieved 12 February 2024.

[44] "Georges-Kévin Nkoudou". Premier League. Retrieved 13 February 2024.

[45] "Vitinha". Premier League. Retrieved 13 February 2024.

[46] "Kaapo Kakko #24". NHL.com. National Hockey League. 14 January 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2021.

[47] "Jaden Ivey". NBA.com. National Basketball Association. Retrieved June 28, 2023.

[48] Rafe de Crespigny (28 December 2006). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23–220 AD). BRILL. pp. 531–. ISBN 978-90-474-1184-0.

[49] William Forbes Skene (1876). Celtic Scotland: A History of Ancient Alban. Edmonston & Douglas. pp. 308–.

[edu-50] "Bonorum Possessio". uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2 October 2018.

[51] John (of Worcester) (1995). The Chronicle of John of Worcester. Clarendon Press. pp. 189–. ISBN 978-0-19-820702-3.

[52] Maria Hayward; Society of Antiquaries of London (2004). The 1542 Inventory of Whitehall: The Palace and Its Keeper. Illuminata Publishers for The Society of Antiquaries of London. ISBN 978-0-9547916-0-5.

[53] "Elizabeth Stuart | Facts, Family, & Queen of Bohemia | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 4 May 2022.

[:02-54] W. Dysziniewicz; S. Somow; W. Tiepłowa. "Gieorgij (Konisskij Grigorij Osipowicz)". Prawosławnaja Encikłopiedija. Vol. X. Moscow: Cerkowno-Naucznyj Centr "Prawosławnaja Encikłopiedija". pp. 662–663. ISBN 5-89572-005-6.

[55] An encyclopedia of British women writers (Rev. and expanded ed.). New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press. 1998. p. 1. ISBN 0813525438.

[56] Heathcote, Tony (2002). The British Admirals of the Fleet 1734–1995. Pen & Sword. p. 249. ISBN 0-85052-835-6.

[57] "Abelardo L. Rodríguez" (in Spanish). Busca Biografias. Retrieved May 29, 2019.

[58] King, Betty Nygaard; So, Joseph K.; Mcpherson, James B. (December 20, 2018). "Portia White". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2020-05-16.

[59] "Mr. Cheong Eak Chong". The Straits Times. February 15, 1984. p. 41. Retrieved July 16, 2019.

[60] Knight, Franklin W.; Gates, Henry Louis Jr, eds. (2016). "Malebranche, Andrée (1916–2013)". Dictionary of Caribbean and Afro–Latin American Biography. ISBN 978-0-19-993579-6. Retrieved 2018-05-11.

[61] "Hans Kongelige Højhed Prins Henrik afgået ved døden". Kongehuset (in Danish). February 14, 2018.

[:0-62] Shumba, Pamela (2019-02-15). "Callistus Ndlovu death shocks President". The Chronicle. Retrieved 2022-12-25.

[63] "Turkey: Funeral held for ex-Istanbul mayor Kadir Topbas". Anadolu Agency. February 14, 2021.

[64] "International Days". www.un.org. 6 January 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2021.

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