Buhid script

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Surat Buhid is an abugida used to write the Buhid language. As a Brahmic script indigenous to the Philippines, it closely related to Baybayin and Hanunó'o. It is still used today by the Mangyans, found mainly on island of Mindoro, to write their language, Buhid, together with the Filipino latin script.

Buhid
ᝊᝓᝑᝒ
Script type
Time period
c. 1300–present
DirectionLeft-to-right Edit this on Wikidata
LanguagesBuhid, Tagalog[1]
Related scripts
Parent systems
Sister systems
Philippines
Indonesian Archipelago
ISO 15924
ISO 15924Buhd (372), ​Buhid
Unicode
Unicode alias
Buhid
U+1740–U+175F

There are efforts to reinvigorate the use of Surat Buhid.[2] Buhid script use varies across Northern (Bansud area) and Southern Buhid (Bongabong) communities.[3]

Structure

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The Buhid script has 18 independent characters; 15 are consonants and 3 vowels. As an abugida, there are additional diacritic vowels. Consonants have an inherent /a/ vowel. The other two vowels are indicated by a diacritic above (for /i/) or below (for /u/) the consonant. Depending on the consonant, ligatures are formed, changing the shape of the consonant-vowel combination.[4] Vowels at the beginning of syllables are represented by their own, independent characters. Syllables ending in a consonant are written without the final consonant.[5]

Buhid syllables
vowels consonants
independent dependent
a
ka
ga
nga
ta
da
na
pa
ba
ma
ya
ra
la
wa
sa
ha
i
◌ᝒ
i
ᝃ + ◌ᝒ
ᝃᝒ
ki
ᝄ + ◌ᝒ
ᝄᝒ
gi
ᝅ + ◌ᝒ
ᝅᝒ
ngi
ᝆ + ◌ᝒ
ᝆᝒ
ti
ᝇ + ◌ᝒ
ᝇᝒ
di
ᝈ + ◌ᝒ
ᝈᝒ
ni
ᝉ + ◌ᝒ
ᝉᝒ
pi
ᝊ + ◌ᝒ
ᝊᝒ
bi
ᝋ + ◌ᝒ
ᝋᝒ
mi
ᝌ + ◌ᝒ
ᝌᝒ
yi
ᝍ + ◌ᝒ
ᝍᝒ
ri
ᝎ + ◌ᝒ
ᝎᝒ
li
ᝏ + ◌ᝒ
ᝏᝒ
wi
ᝐ + ◌ᝒ
ᝐᝒ
si
ᝑ + ◌ᝒ
ᝑᝒ
hi
u
◌ᝓ
u
ᝃ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝃᝓ
ku
ᝄ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝄᝓ
gu
ᝅ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝅᝓ
ngu
ᝆ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝆᝓ
tu
ᝇ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝇᝓ
du
ᝈ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝈᝓ
nu
ᝉ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝉᝓ
pu
ᝊ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝊᝓ
bu
ᝋ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝋᝓ
mu
ᝌ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝌᝓ
yu
ᝍ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝍᝓ
ru
ᝎ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝎᝓ
lu
ᝏ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝏᝓ
wu
ᝐ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝐᝓ
su
ᝑ +‌ ◌ᝓ
ᝑᝓ
hu

The letter order of the Buhid alphabet Buhid, is based on phonetic principles that consider both the manner and place of articulation of the consonants and vowels they represent.

Buhid writing makes use of single and double danda punctuation marks.[4]

Unicode

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Buhid script was added to the Unicode Standard in March, 2002 with the release of version 3.2.

The Unicode block for Buhid is U+1740–U+175F:

Buhid[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+174x
U+175x
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 16.0
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Buhid language and alphabet".
  2. ^ Catapang, Emerenciana (2014). "Reviving the Hanunoo and Buhid Mangyan syllabic scripts of the Philippines" (PDF). Proceedings of the International Workshop on Endangered Scripts of Island Southeast Asia.
  3. ^ "Buhid". Mangyan Heritage Center. Archived from the original on 2020-11-01.
  4. ^ a b "Chapter 17: Indonesia and Oceania" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. March 2020.
  5. ^ Everson, Michael (1998-11-23). "N1933 Revised proposal for encoding the Philippine scripts in the UCS" (PDF).
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