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Crusader (1865 ship)

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This is not the same as the American 669 ton barque of the same name that also visited New Zealand during this period

Crusader was 1,058-ton iron clipper ship. She built for John Lidgett & Sons, Indian traders of London, by Charles Connell and Co of Glasgow and launched in March 1865 (yard number 26).[1][2]

History
Great Britain
NameCrusader
OwnerJohn Lidgett & Sons
BuilderCharles Connell and Co
LaunchedMarch 1865
General characteristics
TypeClipper ship
Tons burthen1,058 long tons (1,075 t)
Length210 ft (64 m)
Beam35.1 ft (10.7 m)
Draft21.4 ft (6.5 m)

Dimensions

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The clipper had a length of 210 feet (64 m), a beam of 35.1 feet (10.7 m), and a draft of 21.4 feet (6.5 m).[2]

Ownership

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In 1869 Lidgett's sold her to the Albion Line. At this time she was painted black with a yellow streak. The Albion Line merged with Shaw Savill in 1883 and by then her portholes were painted. Having completed her final voyage from New Zealand in May 1898 she was sold to a Norwegian company, Daniel Steen, of Kristiania Oslo for £2,950 on or before 8 June 1898.[3][4]

Use

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From 1865 to 1869 she was used by Lidgetts on the London to India route from London to Calcutta and Madras under Captain A M Gronsund,[5]

After her sale to Shaw Saville she was used on the London – New Zealand route to bring migrants to New Zealand. In total she made 28 voyages from Great Britain to New Zealand. Her average sailing time was 91 days. From 1874 to 1876 she was chartered by the New Zealand Shipping Company to take wool and grain to the United Kingdom.[6] She was noted as having made the fastest journey from Lyttleton to London by sail around Cape Horn. The journey was in 1873 and took 65 days.[7]

In late August 1886 the Crusader sailed from Wellington to Auckland to pick up more cargo before returning to London. While sailing past Taranaki she was caught in a northerly gale which nearly drove her onto the shore near New Plymouth. After losing a mizzen gallant mast and a complete set of sails, and having one of her anchors driven through her bow she managed to sail away from the land.[8]

On 17 July 1889, while sailing from London to Lyttleton she was caught in a heavy storm which damaged her forecastle, smashed two boats and the foreward deckhouse, and carried 80 feet of top-gallant bulwarks.[9]

Her final voyage from New Zealand was with a shipment of cargo from Port Chalmers on 11 February 1898. She arrived in London on 31 May 1898.[10][11]

Her new owner, Steen or Stein, sailed her to Fremantle in January 1899 via Algoa Bay to collect a load of timber.[12] Her weight was given variously as 686 tons or 996 tons.[13][12] She returned to London on 27 June 1899. Then sailed for Pensacola on 5 August and arrived about 29 September. In 1901 she sailed to Bunbury under Captain Lawson and later Captain Aanonsen to collect a cargo of timber.[14] While there the ships cook and one of the seamen got into an argument which resulted in the cook stabbing the seaman, Fortunately the wound was not fatal. The cook was arrested, tried, and sentanced to one months hard labour.[15][16] The Crusader sailed for London on 26 January 1902, arriving in London mid-May.[17] She returned to Bunbury again in 1903.[18]

Voyages to New Zealand

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No. Departed Arrived Days Captain Destinations in New Zealand
05/02/1870 06/05/1870 - Robert Kerr Melbourne (only sailed to Australia)[19]
01 17/12/1870 13/03/1871 82 Robert Kerr Lyttleton[20]
02 22/12/1871 31/03/1872 99 Isaac Sutherland Lyttleton[21]
03 11/10/1872 05/01/1873 81 Isaac Sutherland Lyttleton[22]
04 03/11/1873 01/02/1874 90 Isaac Sutherland Lyttleton[23]
05 26/09/1874 31/12/1874 96 Charles H Renaut Lyttleton[24]
06 31/10/1875 08/02/1876 99 Charles H Renaut Lyttleton[25]
07 18/10/1876 13/01/1877 87 Llewellyn Davies Lyttleton[26]
08 21/07/1877 21/10/1877 83 Llewellyn Davies Lyttleton[27]
09 12/07/1878 11/10/1878 91 Llewellyn Davies Lyttleton[28]
10 24/06/1879 24/09/1879 92 Llewellyn Davies Lyttleton[29]
11 04/07/1880 07/10/1880 95 Llewellyn Davies Lyttleton[30]
12 06/04/1881 04/07/1881 Llewellyn Davies Port Chalmers[31]
13 17/02/1882 22/05/1882 Llewellyn Davies Wellington[32]
14 15/12/1882 23/03/1883 98 Llewellyn Davies Lyttleton[33]
15 06/02/1884 20/05/1884 102 William Scotland Auckland[34]
16 01/03/1885 26/05/1885 83 William Scotland Auckland[35]
17 28/03/1886 22/06/1886 87 William Scotland Wellington, Auckland, Napier [36]
18 27/05/1887 04/09/1887 99 George Perriam Auckland, Napier[37]
19 02/06/1888 25/08/1888 84 George Perriam Auckland[38]
20 11/05/1889 16/08/1889 96 George Perriam Lyttleton, Auckland[39]
21 25/04/1890 19/07/1890 85 George Perriam Port Chalmers, Lyttleton[40]
22 25/02/1891 29/05/1891 91 George Perriam Port Chalmers (from Glasgow), Timaru[41]
23 26/09/1891 30/11/1891 George Perriam Wellington (from Callao), Bluff[42]
24 29/07/1892 27/10/1892 George Perriam Port Chalmers, Wellington[43]
25 30/06/1893 23/09/1893 84 D G Fullarton Port Chalmers, Bluff[44]
26 04/07/1894 06/10/1894 95 T Burton Wellington (from Liverpool), Port Chalmers[45]
27 22/06/1895 01/10/1895 97 T Burton Port Chalmers (from Glasgow}, Auckland[46]
28 11/06/1896 10/09/1896 90 T Burton Bluff[47]
29 04/09/1897 09/12/1897 91 T Burton Port Chalmers[48]

Fate

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The Crusader rigged down to a barque in 1905 and sold for scrap April 1910 in Dordrecht, Netherlands. It is possible that she grounded prior to this.[2][49] There was mention in some sources that she was still sailing after 1910, but she was struck of Lloyds register as broken up in the 1911 edition.[50]

Crusader Association

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On the 50th anniversary of the 1874 voyage of the Crusader in 1925, The ship Crusader Association was formed for those who had migrated to New Zealand on her.[51][52][53]

References

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  1. ^ Crusader (Ship : 1865-1898), National Library of New Zealand, retrieved 28 July 2024
  2. ^ a b c Iron full-rigged Crusader, retrieved 28 July 2024
  3. ^ Shaw, Savill & Albion, retrieved 28 July 2024
  4. ^ "Shipping". Otago Daily Times. No. 11162. 11 July 1898. p. 1. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  5. ^ Advertisements, The Times, London, 12 December 1866, Page 1
  6. ^ "Advertisements". Lyttleton Times. No. 4598. 8 November 1875. p. 1. Retrieved 29 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  7. ^ "Shipping News". Auckland Star. No. 100. 28 April 1923. p. 17. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  8. ^ "Shipping News". Taranaki Herald. No. 7158. 31 August 1886. p. 2. Retrieved 29 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  9. ^ "Shipping News". NZ Herald. No. 9489. 7 October 1889. p. 12. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  10. ^ "Shipping News". Otago Witness. No. 2294. 17 February 1898. p. 38. Retrieved 29 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  11. ^ "Shipping News". Evening Star. No. 10638. 1 June 1898. p. 3. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  12. ^ a b Vessels in West Australian Ports, Daily Commercial News, Sydney, 10 January 1899, page 6
  13. ^ Shipping, The Western Australian, Perth, 9 January 1899, page 2
  14. ^ Shipping, The Australian Star, Sydney, 6 November 1901, page 2
  15. ^ A Seamans quarrel, The Western Australian, Perth, 13 January 1902, Page 5
  16. ^ Police Court, Burbury Herald, Burbury, 14 January 1902, page 2
  17. ^ Port of Bunbury, Bunbury Herald, 28 January 1902, page 2
  18. ^ Port of Bunbury, Bunbury Herald, 30 January 1903, page 2
  19. ^ Shipping intelligence, The Argus, Melbourne, Australia, 7 May 1870, page 4, retrieved 29 July 2024
  20. ^ "Commercial". Lyttleton Times. No. 3172. 14 March 1871. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  21. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 3497. 1 April 1872. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  22. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 3731. 6 January 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  23. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 4063. 2 February 1874. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  24. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 4333. 1 January 1875. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  25. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 4676. 9 February 1876. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  26. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 4963. 16 January 1877. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  27. ^ "Arrived-October 12". Press. No. 3815. 13 October 1877. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  28. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 5504. 12 October 1878. p. 4. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  29. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 5798. 25 September 1879. p. 4. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  30. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 6121. 8 October 1880. p. 4. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  31. ^ "Shipping". Otago Daily Times. No. 6056. 8 July 1881. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  32. ^ "Shipping". Evening Post. No. 118. 22 May 1882. p. 2. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  33. ^ "Shipping". Lyttleton Times. No. 6885. 24 March 1883. p. 4. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  34. ^ "Shipping". Auckland Herald. No. 7022. 20 May 1884. p. 4. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  35. ^ "Shipping". Auckland Herald. No. 7338. 26 May 1884. p. 4. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  36. ^ "Shipping". Evening Post. No. 30. 22 June 1886. p. 4. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  37. ^ "Shipping". NZ Herald. No. 8045. 5 September 1887. p. 4. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  38. ^ "Shipping". Ashburton Guardian. No. 1929. 27 August 1888. p. 3. Retrieved 28 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  39. ^ "Shipping". Auckland Star. No. 195. 17 August 1889. p. 4. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  40. ^ "Shipping". NZ Herald. No. 8313. 21 July 1890. p. 4. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  41. ^ "Exports". Auckland Star. No. 126. 29 May 1891. p. 2. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  42. ^ "Bluff Harbour". Southland Times. No. 11907. 1 December 1891. p. 2. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  43. ^ "Shipping". Otago Daily Times. No. 9569. 27 October 1892. p. 1 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  44. ^ "Shipping". Otago Daily Times. No. 9851. 23 September 1893. p. 1 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  45. ^ "Shipping". Daily Telegraph (Napier). No. 7185. 8 October 1894. p. 2. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  46. ^ "Shipping". Otago Daily Times. No. 10480. 2 October 1895. p. 1. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  47. ^ "Imports". Auckland Star. No. 215. 11 September 1896. p. 4. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  48. ^ "Shipping". Auckland Star. No. 10981. 9 December 1897. p. 1. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  49. ^ "The flying clippers". Sun (Christchurch). No. 619. 3 February 1916. p. 8. Retrieved 30 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  50. ^ Lloyd’s Register of Shipping 1911 Sailing Vessels, page 108, number 608
  51. ^ "Pilgrims of ship Crusader, 1874, meet in annual reunion". Star(Christchurch). No. 18718. 25 March 1929. p. 15. Retrieved 29 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  52. ^ "Crusader anniversary". Press. No. 18957. 23 March 1927. p. 13. Retrieved 29 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.
  53. ^ "Obituary - Mr J H Timms". Press. No. 21500. 15 June 1935. p. 14. Retrieved 29 July 2024 – via paperspast.natlib.govt.nz.

External references

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  • The Clipper Ship Crusader, Built 1865, Broken Up 1910: Memories and Records of Over Fifty Years' Pioneering : with Special Reference to Voyages 1874-1879 by various authors. Published by Cadsonbury Publishers, New Zealand on 1 November 2002. ISBN : 9781877151675
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